Acetonitrile (methyl cyanide) emitted by the African spider plant (Gynandropsis gynandra L. (Briq)): Bioactivity against spider mite (Tetranychus urticae Koch) on roses

Nyalala, Samuel; Petersen, Mikael Agerlin; Grout, B. W. W.

doi:10.1016/j.scienta.2011.01.036

Cited by 8 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis used the method reported by Nyalala et al . (2011 a , b ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(), essential oils are responsible for the tick repellent properties but acetonitrile has not been detected in these preparations, perhaps due to its loss during hydrodistillation (Mastelić et al ., ; Huang et al ., ; Zhang & Li, ). Similarly, the gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) technique used to identify acetonitrile as the repellent, volatile compound emitted from whole G. gynandra plants did not detect a number of the tick repellent compounds identified in the hydrodistilled essential oils (Lwande et al ., ; Nyalala et al ., 2011 b ). This may indicate that some of the bioactive, volatile compounds within G. gynandra are latent in some way, or emitted by intact plants in biologically active quantities, yet below current detection limits.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The repellent effect of the African spider plant [ Gynandropsis gynandra L. (Briq)] as a companion plant to roses is attributed to emissions of acetonitrile (Nyalala et al ., 2011 a , b ), from both intact plants and detached leaves, that reduce spider mite infestation effectively (Nyalala & Grout, ; Nyalala et al ., 2011 a ). The repellent properties offer the possibility of using the plant as a barrier to mite infestation in glasshouse cultivation, as living plants or as harvested foliage.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Given the wide phenotypic diversity of G. gynandra from different ecological zones (Chweya & Mnzava, ), volatile leaf constituents might be expected to vary between accessions of differing origins. Therefore, the study used the five G. gynandra lines that had been investigated previously for their foliar emissions (Nyalala et al ., 2011 b ), using flowering pot rose as the mite‐susceptible reference plant. The aims were to identify those volatile constituents of homogenised G. gynandra leaves that are produced in significantly higher quantities than in rose, to compare these with the constituents identified in extracted essential oils (Lwande et al ., ) and to assess them for toxic activity against spider mite by simple bioassay.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Volatile compounds from leaves of the African spider plant (Gynandropsis gynandra) with bioactivity against spider mite (Tetranychus urticae)

Nyalala

Petersen

Grout

2013

Annals of Applied Biology

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Previous studies have demonstrated that Gynandropsis gynandra emits acetonitrile as a foliar volatile from intact plants and isolated leaves, and that this compound is an effective spider mite repellent. This study has used gas chromatography-mass spectrometry to investigate volatile compounds emitted from homogenised G. gynandra leaves to evaluate their tissue acetonitrile content and to look for other compounds that might be exploited for the management of spider mites. Acetonitrile was absent from the homogenised tissues of five lines of G. gynandra, studied over two seasons. Thirteen volatile compounds were emitted by G. gynandra at significantly higher levels than mitesusceptible pot roses, including isothiocyanates, aldehydes, esters, alcohols and terpenes. Six representative compounds were selected to assess bioactivity. Spider mite populations were completely inactive after a 2 h exposure to butyl isothiocyanate, 2,4-heptadienal or β-cyclocitral, when evaporated from 0.5 μL of pure compound in a 100 mL air space. The same level of inactivity was achieved after exposure to 5.0 μL of (Z)-2-pentenol or a 25 μL volume of 50% v/v Z-3-hexenal or 5% w/v methyl isothiocyanate. Dissipation of β-cyclocitral following 24 h exposure to its concentration of 5 μL in a 100 mL air space resulted in a 6% recovery of the spider mites but at higher concentrations no recovery was observed. These identified compounds may have potential as extracted products for management of spider mites in roses, and a high constitutive content of them in roses may be of value in targeted plant breeding for enhanced insect resistance. The range of isothiocyanates found in G. gynandra accounts for the bitter taste of the leaves when used as a traditional vegetable in Eastern Africa and provides a target for manipulation to improve palatability.

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“…Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis used the method reported by Nyalala et al . (2011 a , b ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Volatile compounds from leaves of the African spider plant (Gynandropsis gynandra) with bioactivity against spider mite (Tetranychus urticae)

Nyalala

Petersen

Grout

2013

Annals of Applied Biology

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“…Colupulone, a main component of the beta-acid fraction of hop extracts, was shown to repel T. urticae from plant leaves (Jones et al 1996). In intercropping with roses, acetonitrile emitted by the African spider plant, Gynandropsis gynandra, was responsible for repellent activity against T. urticae (Nyalala et al 2011). To our knowledge, however, this is the Þrst report on the repellence of sandalwood oil and santalol against T. urticae.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Repellent Effect of Santalol From Sandalwood Oil Against Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae)

Roh

Park

2012

jnl. econ. entom.

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Thirty-four essential oils were screened for their repellent activities against the twospotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acarina: Tetranychidae), at 0.1% concentration level using choice and no-choice laboratory bioassays. Of these, 20 essential oils showed significant repellencies against T. urticae in the choice tests. In subsequent no-choice tests using these 20 essential oils, only sandalwood oil showed significant repellency against T. urticae. Total number of eggs oviposited by T. urticae was significantly lower than controls in the choice tests when the kidney bean leaves were treated with 1 of 14 essential oils. The significant repellency of sandalwood oil against T. urticae lasted at least for 5 h at the 0.1% concentration level. Our GC-MS analysis indicated that the major components of the sandalwood oil were alpha-santalol (45.8%), beta-santalol (20.6%), beta-sinensal (9.4%), and epi-beta-santalol (3.3%). Santanol, a mixture of the two main components in the sandalwood oil, appears to be responsible for the repellency of sandalwood oil against T. urticae.

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Ten Years ofGynandropsis gynandraResearch for Improvement of Nutrient‐Rich Leaf Consumption: Lessons Learnt and Way Forwards

Achigan‐Dako

Sogbohossou

Houdegbe

et al. 2021

Annual Plant Reviews Online

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Article 25fa states that the author of a short scientific work funded either wholly or partially by Dutch public funds is entitled to make that work publicly available for no consideration following a reasonable period of time after the work was first published, provided that clear reference is made to the source of the first publication of the work.This publication is distributed under The Association of Universities in the Netherlands (VSNU) 'Article 25fa implementation' project. In this project research outputs of researchers employed by Dutch Universities that comply with the legal requirements of Article 25fa of the Dutch Copyright Act are distributed online and free of cost or other barriers in institutional repositories. Research outputs are distributed six months after their first online publication in the original published version and with proper attribution to the source of the original publication.

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Acetonitrile (methyl cyanide) emitted by the African spider plant (Gynandropsis gynandra L. (Briq)): Bioactivity against spider mite (Tetranychus urticae Koch) on roses

Cited by 8 publications

References 18 publications

Volatile compounds from leaves of the African spider plant (Gynandropsis gynandra) with bioactivity against spider mite (Tetranychus urticae)

Volatile compounds from leaves of the African spider plant (Gynandropsis gynandra) with bioactivity against spider mite (Tetranychus urticae)

Repellent Effect of Santalol From Sandalwood Oil Against Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae)

Ten Years ofGynandropsis gynandraResearch for Improvement of Nutrient‐Rich Leaf Consumption: Lessons Learnt and Way Forwards

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