Ten Years ofGynandropsis gynandraResearch for Improvement of Nutrient‐Rich Leaf Consumption: Lessons Learnt and Way Forwards

Abstract

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The genome of Gynandropsis gynandra provides insights into whole-genome duplications and the evolution of C4 photosynthesis in Cleomaceae

“…Gynandropsis gynandra is an essentially cosmopolitan species found across Africa, Asia, the Middle East and Australasia, and has been introduced to the Caribbean, Southern and Northern America and Central and Northern Europe (Chweya and Mnzava, 1997). Despite the wide distribution range of the species, G. gynandra is considered an “orphan” or “neglected” species becaus e of the lack of research efforts to develop genetic and genomic resources (Achigan-Dako et al, 2021).…”

“…Thus, owing to its potential to address hunger, malnutrition, and stunting of the African population, the species has been included in the list of 101 crops by the African Orphan Crops Consortium (AOCC) (Hendre et al, 2019; Jamnadass et al, 2020). The genome sequence of the species would therefore represent an important resource for breeding programs targeting traits ranging from higher leaf yield to increased secondary metabolite production and disease resistance (Achigan-Dako et al, 2021). Second, G. gynandra is a C4 plant and the Cleomaceae family contains both C3 and C4 plants, as well as C3-C4 intermediates (Marshall et al, 2007; Feodorova et al, 2010; Koteyeva et al, 2011; Bayat et al, 2018; Parma et al, 2022).…”

Leaf elemental composition analysis in spider plant [Gynandropsis gynandra L. (Briq.)] differentiates three nutritional groups

“…Several factors can affect leaf nutritional values, including soils, agronomic practices (fertilization, harvest time), developmental stages, cooking methods, and postharvest techniques. As nutritional value is genotype-specific, more investigations are needed to assess the effects of these factors on the nutritional values of the species (Moyo et al, 2018;Sogbohossou et al, 2019;Achigan-Dako et al, 2021). Other key components include the bioavailability of nutrients and the effects of the different cooking processes on bioavailability.…”

Cleome gynandra: A wonder climate-smart plant for nutritional security for millions in semi-arid areas

“…Therefore, vigorous promotion of its conservation and intensive use needs to be addressed (Coq-Huelva et al, 2017). Several reports showed that germplasm resources for C. gynandra are available in local, regional, and international genebanks (Achigan- Dako et al, 2021). Currently, there are about 295 accessions of these species available at World Vegetable Centre (http://www.seed.wordveg.org/) collected from Southern African, Eastern Africa and Asia (Moyo and Aremu, 2022).…”

“…For example, there are 45 accessions of C. gynandra comprising 28 landraces, 9 wild, 7 weedy and 1 unknown accessions at the National Gene Bank of Kenya (Kemei et al, 1995). According to Achigan-Dako et al (2021), 164 accessions of C. gynandra germplasm were recently collected from Benin, Burkina Faso, Ghana, Niger and Togo and were maintained at the University of Abomey-Calavi's Laboratory of Genetics, Biotechnology, and Seed Sciences in Benin. More than a decade ago, it was reported that about 184 accessions of C. gynandra were collected in South Africa and Tanzania by National Gene Bank of South Africa and National Plant Genetic Resource Center (Arusha-Tanzania) (Van Rensburg et al, 2007a).…”