Acetolactate synthase activity in Euphorbia heterophylla resistant to ALS- and protox- inhibiting herbicides

Xavier, Elouize; Oliveira, Manuela; Trezzi, Michelangelo Müzell; Vidal, Ribas Antônio; Diesel, Francielli; Pagnoncelli, Fortunato De Bortoli; Scalcon, Everton

doi:10.1590/s0100-83582013000400013

Cited by 11 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Os herbicidas pertencentes ao grupo dos inibidores da ALS demonstraram menores efeitos sobre os biótipos, quando comparado aos inibidores de PROTOX. De acordo com Xavier et al (2013) os herbicidas inibidores da ALS são responsáveis por cerca de 32% dos casos de resistência de plantas daninhas infestantes de culturas em todo o mundo. Desse modo, percebe-se que a ocorrência da resistência de plantas daninhas a estes herbicidas ocorre com maior frequência, quando comparado a outros mecanismos de ação.…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

“…A constatação da resistência no biótipo RO-2 e não no RS, possivelmente esteja associada as aplicações frequentes de herbicidas, as quais exerceram pressão de seleção sobre as plantas ao longo das gerações. O uso quase exclusivo de um mesmo herbicida tem aumentado os casos de resistência de plantas daninhas (Xavier et al, 2013). Convém destacar que o surgimento de novos casos de leiteiro resistente aos herbicidas inibidores de ALS e de PROTOX deve-se em grande parte por esses dois mecanismos de ação serem os mais usados no controle de plantas daninhas infestantes de culturas agrícolas.…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

“…Neste contexto, o leiteiro destaca-se como planta daninha preponderante, por ser de difícil controle, apresentar biótipos com resistência múltipla aos herbicidas inibidores da acetolactato sintase -ALS e protoporfirinogênio oxidase -PROTOX e ao mesmo tempo, essa planta daninha apresenta elevada habilidade competitiva ao conviver com as culturas (Kissman e Groth, 1999;Trezzi et al, 2005;Carvalho et al, 2010;Xavier et al, 2013). Para Meschede et al (2002) a convivência de plantas de leiteiro com a soja, a partir do 17º dia após sua emergência, resultou em perda diária de 5,15 kg ha -1 na produtividade de grãos.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

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Avaliação de biótipos de leiteiro com suspeita de resistência a herbicidas inibidores da ALS e Protox

et al. 2014

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Resumo -Objetivou-se com o presente trabalho avaliar a confirmação da ocorrência de resistência de biótipos de leiteiro, oriundos de Rondônia e do Rio Grandes do Sul a herbicidas com diferentes mecanismos de ação, bem como determinar a dose dos herbicidas necessária para redução de 50% na massa seca das plantas (GR50) e para o controle de 50% das plantas de cada unidade experimental (C50). Para tanto foi instalado um experimento em casa de vegetação, em blocos casualizados, com quatro repetições. Os herbicidas utilizados foram: imazethapyr, chlorimuron-ethyl, cloransulam-methyl, saflufenacil, fomesafen e carfentrazone-ethyl. As doses utilizadas foram: 0; 0,5; 2; 8; 16; 32 e 64 vezes a dose comercial. As variáveis avaliadas foram controle do leiteiro aos 07, 14, 21 e 28 dias após a aplicação dos tratamentos (DAT) e também, aos 28 DAT determinou-se a massa seca das plantas. O biótipo do Rio Grande do Sul mostrou sensibilidade aos herbicidas testados, já o de Rondônia apresentou resistência cruzada aos inibidores de ALS (imazethapyr, chlorimuron e cloransulam) e suscetível aos inibidores de PROTOX (carfentrazone, fomesafen e saflufenacil). Palavras-chaves: Euphorbia heterophylla L., Glycine max, plantas daninhasAbstract -The objective of the present study was to evaluate the confirmation of occurrence of wild poinsettia resistance, coming from Rondônia and Rio Grande do Sul, to herbicides with different mechanisms of action, and to determine the dose of herbicides required for 50% reduction in the dry mass of plants (GR50) and for the control of 50% of these plants in each experimental unit (C50). Therefore, an experiment was conducted over greenhouse conditions, in randomized block design with four replications. The herbicides used were: imazethapyr, chlorimuron-ethyl, cloransulam-methyl, saflufenacil, fomesafen, and carfentrazone-ethyl. The doses used were: 0; 0.5; 2; 8; 16; 32 and 64 times the commercial dose. The variables evaluated were control of wild poinsettia at 7, 14, 21, and 28 days after treatments (DAT), and also at 28 DAT was determined the dry mass of plants. The Rio Grande do Sul biotype showed sensitivity to the herbicides tested, 1 Recebido para publicação em 28/07/2014 e aceito em 28/06/2015.

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Section: Resultsunclassified

Section: Introductionunclassified

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Avaliação de biótipos de leiteiro com suspeita de resistência a herbicidas inibidores da ALS e Protox

et al. 2014

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“…For these biotypes, the ALS inhibitor resistance mechanism indicates a change in the site of action of the ALS enzyme (Xavier et al, 2013), but to date there are no conclusive results for the mechanism of resistance to PROTOX inhibitors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inheritance of Resistance to Protoporphyrinogen Oxidase Inhibitor Herbicides in Wild Poinsettia

et al. 2016

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-Weed resistance to herbicides is a major global problem for agriculture. In recent years, the increased use of herbicides, without proper planning, has led to a large increase in the number of cases of weed biotypes that are resistant to one or more herbicide mechanism of action. Wild poinsettia biotypes (Euphorbia heterophylla), discovered in the State of Paraná, with resistance to herbicides that inhibit protoporphyrinogen oxidase (PROTOX) and acetolactate synthase (ALS), are the first case to exhibit multiple resistance in Brazil. This study analyzed the genetic inheritance of PROTOX inhibiting herbicide resistance in E. heterophylla. Crosses were conducted between biotypes that were susceptible (female parent) and those carrying multiple resistance to ALS and PROTOX inhibitors (male parent) to obtain the F 1 generation. Backcrosses were performed (RC 1 and RC 2 ) and the F 1 generation was advanced to F 2 . F 1 , F 2 , RC 1 , RC 2 generation plants and their parents were subjected to applications of the herbicide fomesafen (250 g i.a. ha -1 ). The observed frequencies in the F 2 generation were not different from the expected frequency of 3:1. All RC 2 individuals were resistant, while the RC 1 population showed a 1:1 segregation, which would be expected when a single gene controls the trait. Thus, it can be inferred that E. heterophylla resistance to PROTOX-inhibiting herbicides is conditioned by a single and dominant nuclear gene.

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“…Therefore, 2.4-D stands as a good alternative due to its control efficacy over these weeds. Moreover, in Brazil, Mexican fire plant (Euphorbia heterophylla) is considered resistant to imazethapyr (Xavier et al, 2013) and is still well controlled by 2,4-D.…”

Section: Results and Discusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

White clover tolerance to herbicides applied at different rates and phenological stages

Adami¹,

Modolo²,

Adami³

et al. 2017

Afr. J. Agric. Res.

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Glyphosate, 2,4-D, imazethapyr and paraquat + diuron were studied in greenhouse experiments at four application rates in order to evaluate their effects on white clover (Trifolium repens L.) growth and aerial shoot injury at three different phenological stages. Herbicide-induced foliar injury on white clover ranged from no symptoms to early chlorosis, leaf necrosis, stunted growth and death depending on herbicide rate and white clover phenological stage. Imazethapyr showed the highest selectivity at the three-leaf trifoliate stage. Seedlings treated with glyphosate at 1080 g a.i. ha -1 , however, were dead at 21 days after application (DAA). White clover herbicide tolerance increased with plant age, and selectivity was found to be affected as herbicide rate increased. Paraquat + diuron caused the highest levels of white clover phytotoxicity and plant death. The herbicides studied showed potential to be used as selective products on white clover depending on their rates, as well as the timing of their application onto white clover depending furthermore, on the specificity weeds infesting white clover fields.

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Acetolactate synthase activity in Euphorbia heterophylla resistant to ALS- and protox- inhibiting herbicides

Cited by 11 publications

References 27 publications

Avaliação de biótipos de leiteiro com suspeita de resistência a herbicidas inibidores da ALS e Protox

Avaliação de biótipos de leiteiro com suspeita de resistência a herbicidas inibidores da ALS e Protox

Inheritance of Resistance to Protoporphyrinogen Oxidase Inhibitor Herbicides in Wild Poinsettia

White clover tolerance to herbicides applied at different rates and phenological stages

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