Acetate incorporation into the lipids of the anemone Anthopleura elegantissima and its associated zooxanthellae

Blanquet, Richard S.; Nevenzel, Judd C.; Benson, A. A.

doi:10.1007/bf00386597

Cited by 53 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…These data were confirmed in studies on biosynthesis of fatty acids from I4C-acetate by zooxanthellae (Blanquet et al 1979). However it seems that significant differences in fatty acid composition of corals cannot be explained only by uhlization of external food sources and by zooxanthellae function, but most involve biosynthesis of fatty acids by the 'host'.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 52%

Fatty acids of reef-building corals

Na¹,

Naumenko²,

Vi³

et al. 1991

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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Fourteen reef-building coral species of Anthozoa and Hydrozoa classes, collected in various regions of the Indo-Pacific, were analyzed for fatty acid composition by gas-liquid chromatography. Total lipids of the corals had the same set of fatty acids. The main fatty acids were 16:0, 18:0, 18:l(n-g), 20:4(n-6), 20:5(n-3) and 22:6(n-3), but some coral families had significant levels of characteristic fatty acids. Poc~lloporidae -20:3(n-6), Acroporidae -18:3(n-6), 18:4(n-3) and 22:4(n-6); Poritidae -18.3(n-61, Milleporidae -22:4(n-6), 22:5(n-6) and 22:6(n-3). Related species of Pocilloporidae from Vietnam and Seychelles differed greatly in their content of saturated a c~d s -50 to 60 D/a and 30 %, respectively. As shown for Stylophora pistillata, the depth of the habitat affects the degree of fatty acid unsaturation and (n-3)/(n-6) ratio of neutral lipids, but does not affect phospholipid fatty acids. A possible role of A5-and A4-desaturases in determining fatty acid pool formation in reefbuilding corals is discussed with reference to their nutritional characteristics.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 52%

Fatty acids of reef-building corals

Na¹,

Naumenko²,

Vi³

et al. 1991

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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“…Furthermore, identifying the mobile compounds in hospite is problematic given the intracellular nature of the symbiotic dinoflagellates and the likelihood that translocated carbon is metabolized rapidly by the host. Nevertheless, some information has been gleaned from (i) patterns of incorporation of 14 C-labeled compounds into the host animal's tissues (19,20,32,259,369), (ii) biochemical and/or microscopic analysis of cnidarian tissues in different symbiotic states and under different irradiance regimes (50,130,153,209,392), as well as more targeted proteomic and ultrastructural analysis of "lipid bodies" isolated from symbiotic coral cells (288), (iii) identification of compounds in the host's tissues that are specifically synthesized by the symbionts (282), (iv) measurement of respiratory quotients (127), and, very recently, (v) analysis of the host genome (328). Together, these various approaches again point to glycerol, amino acids (including seven essential amino acids [392]), and various lipids as major components of the translocated material.…”

Section: Translocation Of Photosynthetic Productsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cell Biology of Cnidarian-Dinoflagellate Symbiosis

Davy

Allemand

Weis

2012

Microbiol Mol Biol Rev

805

1,041

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SUMMARY The symbiosis between cnidarians (e.g., corals or sea anemones) and intracellular dinoflagellate algae of the genus Symbiodinium is of immense ecological importance. In particular, this symbiosis promotes the growth and survival of reef corals in nutrient-poor tropical waters; indeed, coral reefs could not exist without this symbiosis. However, our fundamental understanding of the cnidarian-dinoflagellate symbiosis and of its links to coral calcification remains poor. Here we review what we currently know about the cell biology of cnidarian-dinoflagellate symbiosis. In doing so, we aim to refocus attention on fundamental cellular aspects that have been somewhat neglected since the early to mid-1980s, when a more ecological approach began to dominate. We review the four major processes that we believe underlie the various phases of establishment and persistence in the cnidarian/coral-dinoflagellate symbiosis: (i) recognition and phagocytosis, (ii) regulation of host-symbiont biomass, (iii) metabolic exchange and nutrient trafficking, and (iv) calcification. Where appropriate, we draw upon examples from a range of cnidarian-alga symbioses, including the symbiosis between green Hydra and its intracellular chlorophyte symbiont, which has considerable potential to inform our understanding of the cnidarian-dinoflagellate symbiosis. Ultimately, we provide a comprehensive overview of the history of the field, its current status, and where it should be going in the future.

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“…As in other Cnidaria, the main translocated photosynthates are glycerol (see Trench 1979;Muscatine 1980;Cook 1983)andlipids (e.g. Patton et al 1977;Blanquet et al 1979;Kellog and Patton 1983) but their relative contributions to the animal C budget remain to be determined (Patton and Acknowledgments This work was carried out with financial support from the French Ministry of Foreign Affairs and logistic support from the Marine Science Station of Aqaba (Jordan). The technical support of the Australian Institute of Marine Science during the preparation of the manuscript is gratefully acknowledged.…”

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confidence: 99%

Effect of light on oxygen and carbon dioxide fluxes and on metabolic quotients measured in situ in a zooxanthellate coral

Gattuso

Jaubert

1990

Limnology & Oceanography

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Oxygen and CO2 fluxes were measured in situ as a function of depth on colonies of two species of the zooxanthellate coral Stylophora and were used to compute metabolic quotients. We report for the first time on the photosynthetic quotient of zooxanthellae in hospite (PQz); it ranges from 1.14 to 1.57 and depends on the light regime (daily photosynthetic photon flux density). The comparative effect of light on PQz and on the respiratory quotient of the coral suggests that glycerol is the main substance photosynthesized, translocated, and consumed in shallow‐water colonies, whereas it is replaced by lipid with decreasing light (increasing depth). Such a result is potentially important for the energy budget considerations of any plant‐animal endosymbiosis and provides some evidence that light controls the quality of products photosynthesized by the plant and catabolized by the host.

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Acetate incorporation into the lipids of the anemone Anthopleura elegantissima and its associated zooxanthellae

Cited by 53 publications

References 37 publications

Fatty acids of reef-building corals

Fatty acids of reef-building corals

Cell Biology of Cnidarian-Dinoflagellate Symbiosis

Effect of light on oxygen and carbon dioxide fluxes and on metabolic quotients measured in situ in a zooxanthellate coral

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