Acetanilide pharmacokinetics in kwashiorkor.

Buchanan, N.; Davis, Kei; Henderson, DB; Mucklow, JC; Rawlins,

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2125.1980.tb05854.x

Cited by 16 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 4 publications

(3 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 Table 4 shows the effect of PEM on the total clearance and half-life of seven drugs that are primarily metabolised in the liver. The total clearance of five drugs was significantly decreased with a correspondingly increased half-life [18,26,40,[42][43][44]. The total clearance of quinine was significantly decreased in two studies involving poorly categorised malnourished children [51] and kwashiorkor [30], but significantly increased in another study involving children with all categories of PEM except kwashiorkor [21].…”

Section: Protein Binding and Distributionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…The volume of distribution (Vd) of 13 drugs was evaluated in 19 studies (Table 3) [16,18,19,21,22,[40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52]. There were contrasting results for four drugs (gentamicin, quinine, streptomycin and theophylline).…”

Section: Protein Binding and Distributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most abstracts were excluded because they assessed serum macroand micro-nutrients and serum proteins in the malnourished children. The abstracts were mainly original research (40), review articles (4) and letters to the editor (6). Both the original research articles and letters to the editor (46 publications) were included in this study.…”

Section: Publicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

A systematic review of pharmacokinetics studies in children with protein-energy malnutrition

Oshikoya

Sammons

Choonara

2010

Eur J Clin Pharmacol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: Protein Binding and Distributionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Protein Binding and Distributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

A systematic review of pharmacokinetics studies in children with protein-energy malnutrition

Oshikoya

Sammons

Choonara

2010

Eur J Clin Pharmacol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…In children, PCM reduced the clearance of antipyrine (Narang et al, 1977;Buchanan et al, 1979a), isoniazid, and acetanilide (Buchanan et al, 1979b(Buchanan et al, , 1980. Animal models of PCM have shown reductions in the clearance of doxorubicin (Cusack et al, 1992) and acetaminophen (Jung, 1985), and altered oxidative drug metabolism (Campbell and Hayes, 1974;Fernandez et al, 1996;Walter-Sack and Klotz, 1996;Zhang et al, 1999), conjugation (Zhang et al, 1999), and protein binding (Varma, 1979).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Protein Calorie Malnutrition on the Pharmacokinetics of Ketamine in Rats

Williams¹,

Mager²,

Parenteau³

et al. 2004

Drug Metab Dispos

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ABSTRACT:The effect of protein calorie malnutrition (PCM) on the pharmacokinetics of ketamine (KET) enantiomers has been investigated. Six control and six PCM rats were administered 85 mg/kg racemic KET by intramuscular injection, and plasma concentrations of (S)-and (R)-KET, norketamine (NKET), and 5,6-dehydronorketamine (DNK) were measured using enantioselective gas chromatography. Pharmacokinetic profiles were analyzed using standard noncompartmental and compartmental modeling methods. The volumes of distribution were similar between control and PCM rats for (S)-and (R)-KET. However, total clearance of both KET enantiomers was decreased, resulting in an increase in systemic exposure (p < 0.05). The KET absorption rate was also increased in PCM rats. A decrease in the clearance of both NKET enantiomers led to a significant increase in exposure in PCM rats (p < 0.005), and modeling results could not exclude the possibility that PCM induced an increase in the fraction of KET following the NKET pathway, which may further contribute to this increase in exposure. An increase in exposure to DNK enantiomers was also evident in PCM animals compared with controls [p < 0.005 (DNK1); N.S. (DNK2)], which was in concordance with the decrease in apparent clearance values. These results show that PCM significantly alters the pharmacokinetics of KET and several of its metabolites.

show abstract

“…Venous blood was withdrawn, using an indwelling catheter inserted into an anticubital vein, at hourly intervals, for 8 h after the administration of acetanilide. Plasma was separated by centrifugation and stored at -20°C until analysis, in duplicate, for acetanilide concentrations by gas liquid chromatography (Buchanan et al, 1980). Additional blood samples were obtained at 30, 60, 90 and 120 min after the administration of ethanol and ethanol concentrations in these were measured by gas liquid chromatography.…”

Section: Methods (A) Subjects and Patientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The acute effects of ethanol on acetanilide disposition in normal subjects, and in patients with liver disease.

McKay¹,

Rawlings²,

Cobden³

et al. 1982

Brit J Clinical Pharma

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

upon Tyne.1 The effects of single doses (25 g and 50 g) oral ethanol on the disposition of acetanilide (50 mg/kg metabolic active mass) has been studied in normal subjects, and in patients with chronic non-alcoholic liver disease. 2 In normal subjects, ethanol produced a dose-dependent increase in acetanilide half-life, and a decrease in acetanilide clearance. There was a significant correlation (rs = 0.71, P < 0.01) between the 90 min blood ethanol concentration and the reduction in acetanilide clearance. 3 In patients with liver disease, ethanol produced a similar proportional change in acetanilide half-life and clearance, but these were less consistent. Moreover, liver disease itself was associated with an increase in acetanilide half-life, and a reduction in clearance. 4 It is concluded that single oral doses of ethanol, comparable to those consumed during social drinking, may inhibit some forms of microsomal oxidation and thus have important clinical implications.

show abstract

Acetanilide pharmacokinetics in kwashiorkor.

Cited by 16 publications

References 4 publications

A systematic review of pharmacokinetics studies in children with protein-energy malnutrition

A systematic review of pharmacokinetics studies in children with protein-energy malnutrition

Effects of Protein Calorie Malnutrition on the Pharmacokinetics of Ketamine in Rats

The acute effects of ethanol on acetanilide disposition in normal subjects, and in patients with liver disease.

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About