Acetaminophen, the Active Ingredient of Tylenol, Protects against Peroxynitrite-Induced DNA Damage: A Chemiluminometric and Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Spectrometric Study

Dou, Xiaobing; Li, J. Z.; Danelisen, Igor; Trush, Michael A.; Misra, M. P.; Zhu, Hong; Jia, Zhilong; Li, Y. R.

doi:10.20455/ros.2017.819

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Free radicals are also produced when chemicals or drugs enter the body and are metabolized by the liver. Many free radicals are created when the liver metabolizes medicines such as acetaminophen or paracetamol (the primary active ingredient in TYLENOL ® products), which may cause considerable liver damage [ 51 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural Antioxidant Activities of Plants in Preventing Cataractogenesis

et al. 2022

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A cataract is a condition that causes 17 million people to experience blindness and is the most significant cause of vision loss, around 47.9%. The formation of cataracts is linked to both the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the reduction of endogenous antioxidants. ROS are highly reactive molecules produced by oxygen. Examples of ROS include peroxides, super-oxides, and hydroxyl radicals. ROS are produced in cellular responses to xenobiotics and bacterial invasion and during mitochondrial oxidative metabolism. Excessive ROS can trigger oxidative stress that initiates the progression of eye lens opacities. ROS and other free radicals are highly reactive molecules because their outer orbitals have one or more unpaired electrons and can be neutralized by electron-donating compounds, such as antioxidants. Examples of natural antioxidant compounds are vitamin C, vitamin E, and beta-carotene. Numerous studies have demonstrated that plants contain numerous antioxidant compounds that can be used as cataract preventatives or inhibitors. Natural antioxidant extracts for cataract therapy may be investigated further in light of these findings, which show that consuming a sufficient amount of antioxidant-rich plants is an excellent approach to cataract prevention. Several other natural compounds also prevent cataracts by inhibiting aldose reductase and preventing apoptosis of the eye lens.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural Antioxidant Activities of Plants in Preventing Cataractogenesis

et al. 2022

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“…DNA cleavage was assessed by detecting the conversion of supercoiled ϕX-174 RF I doublestranded DNA to open circular and linear forms [7]. Briefly, 0.3 μg DNA was incubated with Cu(II)/H 2 O 2 , Cu(II)/HQ, or Cu(II)/ASC in the presence or absence of GQDs in a final volume of 24 μl at 37°C for 30 min.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Graphene Quantum Dots Potently Block Copper-Mediated Oxidative DNA Damage: Implications for Cancer Intervention

Li¹,

Zhu

et al. 2018

ROS

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Our early work suggested that graphene quantum dots (GQDs) block Cu(II)/Cu(I) redox cycle in biological systems. Here we report that GQDs could also potently protect against copper redox-mediated oxidative DNA damage. Using Cu(II)/hydrogen peroxide, Cu(II)/hydroquinone, and Cu(II)/ascorbic acid as three biologically relevant systems for inducing oxidative DNA damage, we demonstrated that GQDs protected against the above system-induced DNA strand breaks in ϕx-174 plasmid DNA in a concentration-dependent manner. Notably, a significant protection was observed with GQDs at 1 μg/ml, and a nearly complete protection was shown with 10 and 100 μg/ml of GQDs. Using electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectrometry in conjunction with α-(4-pyridyl-1-oxide)-N-tert-butylnitrone (POBN)-spin trapping, we showed that the above three systems generated hydroxyl radicals, as evidenced by the formation of a POBN-CH3 radical adduct in the presence of 0.5 M dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). Consistent with the protective effects of GQDs on DNA damage, the hydroxyl radical formation was markedly reduced in the presence of GQDs in a concentration dependent manner. A nearly complete blockage of the hydroxyl radical generation was seen with GQDs at 10 and 100 μg/ml. Taken together, our results showed that GQDs potently protected against oxidative DNA damage. Considering the critical role of copper in cancer development, our findings might have important implications for cancer intervention with GQD-based nanotech modality.

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Acetaminophen, the Active Ingredient of Tylenol, Protects against Peroxynitrite-Induced DNA Damage: A Chemiluminometric and Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Spectrometric Study

Cited by 2 publications

References 12 publications

Natural Antioxidant Activities of Plants in Preventing Cataractogenesis

Natural Antioxidant Activities of Plants in Preventing Cataractogenesis

Graphene Quantum Dots Potently Block Copper-Mediated Oxidative DNA Damage: Implications for Cancer Intervention

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