Accurate determination of type B trichothecenes and conjugated deoxynivalenol in grains by isotope dilution–liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry

Gab-Allah, Mohamed A.; Choi, Kihwan; Kim, Byung-Joo

doi:10.1016/j.foodcont.2020.107557

Cited by 28 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…In recent years, with the fast advancement of detection technologies and introduction of biotechnology, the detection technology of mycotoxins in food and feed, and biological materials, trichothecenes have grown rapidly [ 167 , 168 , 169 , 170 , 171 , 172 , 173 , 174 , 175 ]. This review summarizes the directions of development of detection technologies of TCT, quantitative methods, and also on the current research of noninvasive detection methods.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trichothecenes in Food and Feed, Relevance to Human and Animal Health and Methods of Detection: A Systematic Review

Polak-Śliwińska

Paszczyk

2021

Molecules

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Trichothecene mycotoxins are sesquiterpenoid compounds primarily produced by fungi in taxonomical genera such as Fusarium, Myrothecium, Stachybotrys, Trichothecium, and others, under specific climatic conditions on a worldwide basis. Fusarium mold is a major plant pathogen and produces a number of trichothecene mycotoxins including deoxynivalenol (or vomitoxin), nivalenol, diacetoxyscirpenol, and T-2 toxin, HT-2 toxin. Monogastrics are sensitive to vomitoxin, while poultry and ruminants appear to be less sensitive to some trichothecenes through microbial metabolism of trichothecenes in the gastrointestinal tract. Trichothecene mycotoxins occur worldwide however both total concentrations and the particular mix of toxins present vary with environmental conditions. Proper agricultural practices such as avoiding late harvests, removing overwintered stubble from fields, and avoiding a corn/wheat rotation that favors Fusarium growth in residue can reduce trichothecene contamination of grains. Due to the vague nature of toxic effects attributed to low concentrations of trichothecenes, a solid link between low level exposure and a specific trichothecene is difficult to establish. Multiple factors, such as nutrition, management, and environmental conditions impact animal health and need to be evaluated with the knowledge of the mycotoxin and concentrations known to cause adverse health effects. Future research evaluating the impact of low-level exposure on livestock may clarify the potential impact on immunity. Trichothecenes are rapidly excreted from animals, and residues in edible tissues, milk, or eggs are likely negligible. In chronic exposures to trichothecenes, once the contaminated feed is removed and exposure stopped, animals generally have an excellent prognosis for recovery. This review shows the occurrence of trichothecenes in food and feed in 2011–2020 and their toxic effects and provides a summary of the discussions on the potential public health concerns specifically related to trichothecenes residues in foods associated with the exposure of farm animals to mycotoxin-contaminated feeds and impact to human health. Moreover, the article discusses the methods of their detection.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trichothecenes in Food and Feed, Relevance to Human and Animal Health and Methods of Detection: A Systematic Review

Polak-Śliwińska

Paszczyk

2021

Molecules

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“…All trichothecenes containing the core six-membered ring are flanked by a single oxygen atom in an epoxy constellation [66], which makes it strained and highly reactive. The major type B trichothecenes, including deoxynivalenol, nivalenol, and acetyldeoxynivalenol mycotoxins, induce pathological lesions, primarily necrosis of the intestinal epithelium [79]. The problem with the distribution is the identification of Fusarium isolates at the species level.…”

Section: Fusarium Toxinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Janus-Faced Molecules against Plant Pathogenic Fungi

Bánfalvi

2021

IJMS

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The high cytotoxicity of the secondary metabolites of mycotoxins is capable of killing microbes and tumour cells alike, similarly to the genotoxic effect characteristic of Janus-faced molecules. The “double-edged sword” effect of several cytotoxins is known, and these agents have, therefore, been utilized only reluctantly against fungal infections. In this review, consideration was given to (a) toxins that could be used against plant and human pathogens, (b) animal models that measure the effect of antifungal agents, (c) known antifungal agents that have been described and efficiently prevent the growth of fungal cells, and (d) the chemical interactions that are characteristic of antifungal agents. The utilization of apoptotic effects against tumour growth by agents that, at the same time, induce mutations may raise ethical issues. Nevertheless, it deserves consideration despite the mutagenic impact of Janus-faced molecules for those patients who suffer from plant pathogenic fungal infections and are older than their fertility age, in the same way that the short-term cytotoxicity of cancer treatment is favoured over the long-term mutagenic effect.

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“…Among the currently available trichothecenes mycotoxins, particular attention has been paid to type B trichothecenes. This group of mycotoxins has been widely researched as they could pose a significant threat to both public health and agro-food systems due to their widespread geographical occurrence [ 18 ]. The major forms of type B trichothecenes are deoxynivalenol (DON or vomitoxin), nivalenol (NIV), 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol (3-ADON), 15-acetyldeoxynivalenol (15-ADON), and fusarenon-X (FUS-X; 4-acetylnivalenol) [ 18 , 19 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This group of mycotoxins has been widely researched as they could pose a significant threat to both public health and agro-food systems due to their widespread geographical occurrence [ 18 ]. The major forms of type B trichothecenes are deoxynivalenol (DON or vomitoxin), nivalenol (NIV), 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol (3-ADON), 15-acetyldeoxynivalenol (15-ADON), and fusarenon-X (FUS-X; 4-acetylnivalenol) [ 18 , 19 ]. As can be noted from Figure 1 , these mycotoxins share a common non-macrocyclic structure and a keto (carbonyl) function at position C-8.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Type B Trichothecenes in Cereal Grains and Their Products: Recent Advances on Occurrence, Toxicology, Analysis and Post-Harvest Decontamination Strategies

Gab-Allah

Choi

Kim

2023

Toxins

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Type B trichothecenes (deoxynivalenol, nivalenol, 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol, 15-acetyldeoxynivalenol) and deoxynivalenol-3-glucoside (DON-3G) are secondary toxic metabolites produced mainly by mycotoxigenic Fusarium fungi and have been recognized as natural contaminants in cereals and cereal-based foods. The latest studies have proven the various negative effects of type B trichothecenes on human health. Due to the widespread occurrence of Fusarium species, contamination by these mycotoxins has become an important aspect for public health and agro-food systems worldwide. Hence, their monitoring and surveillance in various foods have received a significant deal of attention in recent years. In this review, an up-to-date overview of the occurrence profile of major type B trichothecenes and DON-3G in cereal grains and their toxicological implications are outlined. Furthermore, current trends in analytical methodologies for their determination are overviewed. This review also covers the factors affecting the production of these mycotoxins, as well as the management strategies currently employed to mitigate their contamination in foods. Information presented in this review provides good insight into the progress that has been achieved in the last years for monitoring type B trichothecenes and DON-3G, and also would help the researchers in their further investigations on metabolic pathway analysis and toxicological studies of these Fusarium mycotoxins.

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Accurate determination of type B trichothecenes and conjugated deoxynivalenol in grains by isotope dilution–liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry

Cited by 28 publications

References 43 publications

Trichothecenes in Food and Feed, Relevance to Human and Animal Health and Methods of Detection: A Systematic Review

Trichothecenes in Food and Feed, Relevance to Human and Animal Health and Methods of Detection: A Systematic Review

Janus-Faced Molecules against Plant Pathogenic Fungi

Type B Trichothecenes in Cereal Grains and Their Products: Recent Advances on Occurrence, Toxicology, Analysis and Post-Harvest Decontamination Strategies

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