Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) screeners assume significant item overlap with the
screening questionnaire proposed by the American Academy of Orofacial Pain
(AAOP).ObjectiveTo test the reliability and validity of the Portuguese version of AAOP questions
for TMD screening among adolescents.Material and MethodsDiagnoses from Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders
(RDC/TMD) Axis I were used as reference standard. Reliability was evaluated by
internal consistency (KR-20) and inter-item correlation. Validity was tested by
sensitivity, specificity, predictive values, accuracy and receiver operating
characteristic (ROC) curves, the relationship between the true-positive rate
(sensitivity) and the false-positive rate (specificity). Test-retest reliability
of AAOP questions and intra-examiner reproducibility of RDC/TMD Axis I were tested
with kappa statistics.ResultsThe sample consisted of 1307 Brazilian adolescents (56.8% girls; n=742), with mean
age of 12.72 years (12.69 F/12.75 M). According to RDC/TMD, 397 [30.4% (32.7%
F/27.3% M)] of adolescents presented TMD, of which 330 [25.2% (27.6% F/22.2% M)]
were painful TMD. Because of low consistency, items #8 and #10 of the AAOP
questionnaire were excluded. Remaining items (of the long questionnaire version)
showed good consistency and validity for three positive responses or more. After
logistic regression, items #4, #6, #7 and #9 also showed satisfactory consistency
and validity for two or more positive responses (short questionnaire version).
Both versions demonstrated excellent specificity (about 90%), but higher
sensitivity for detecting painful TMD (78.2%). Better reproducibility was obtained
for the short version (k=0.840).ConclusionsThe Portuguese version of AAOP questions showed both good reliability and validity
for the screening of TMD among adolescents, especially painful TMD, according to
RDC/TMD.