OBJECTIVE:To determine whether there is a correlation between halitosis and mouth breathing in children.STUDY DESIGN:Fifty-five children between 3 and 14 years of age were divided into two groups (nasal and mouth breathing) for the assessment of halitosis. A descriptive analysis was conducted on the degree of halitosis in each group. The chi-square test was used for comparison between groups, with a 5% level of significance.RESULTS:There was a significantly greater number of boys with the mouth-breathing pattern than girls. A total of 23.6% of the participants had no mouth odor, 12.7% had mild odor, 12.7% had moderate odor and 50.9% had strong odor. There was a statistically significant association between halitosis and mouth breathing.CONCLUSIONS:The occurrence of halitosis was high among the children evaluated, and there was a statistically significant association between halitosis and mouth breathing.

Background: The chemical-mechanical removal of caries involves the chemical softening of the infected dentin, following by the mechanical removal of the softened tissue using non-cutting manual instruments. Papacárie® (Fórmula&Ação, Sao Paulo, Brazil) is a product in gel form used for the chemical-mechanical softening of the affected tissue. Objective: The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of Papacárie®. Methods: Clinical and radiographic evaluations were performed on 14 young permanent molars treated with Papacárie® and restored with glass ionomer cement (VitroMolar, DFL Ind. Com LTDA,Rio de Janeiro, Brazil) 24 months following intervention. Results: Success was achieved in 13 of the 14 cases. Conclusion: Papacárie® was effective in the treatment of carious lesions and constitutes a conservative alternative that offers benefits to patients.

BackgroundThe aim of the present study was to analyse the influence of temporomandibular disorder (TMD) on electromyographic activity in the masseter and temporal muscles of adolescents and investigate a possible association with the number of occlusal contacts.MethodsThe Helkimo Index was administered for the diagnosis of TMD and classification of the adolescents into three groups: without TMD; with mild TMD; and with moderate/severe TMD. Carbon paper was used for the determination of occlusal contact points. A standardised electromyographic evaluation was performed on the masticatory muscles at rest, during habitual chewing and during maximum voluntary clenching. The readings were normalised to maximum voluntary clenching. Statistical analysis involved the chi-squared test and Fisher’s exact test. The Kruskal-Wallis test and one-way analysis of variance with Dunn’s post hoc test were used to compare differences between groups. Pearson’s correlation coefficients (r) were calculated for the determination of correlations between the number of occlusal contacts and RMS values.ResultsElectromyography revealed significant differences in the right and left masseter and temporal muscles at rest and during chewing among the three groups. These differences were not observed during maximum voluntary clenching. No statistically significant differences were found between the groups with and without TMD regarding the number of occlusal contacts.ConclusionElectromyographic activity in the masseter and temporal muscles was greater among adolescents with moderate to severe TMD.

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