Accuracy of total ozone retrieval from NOAA SBUV/2 measurements: Impact of instrument performance

Ahmad, Ziauddin; DeLand, Matthew T.; Cebula, R. P.; Weiss, Hannah; Wellemeyer, C. G.; Planet, Walter G.; Lienesch, J. H.; Bowman, H. D.; Miller, A. J.; Nagatani, R. M.

doi:10.1029/94jd01528

Cited by 27 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…All measurements are corrected for time‐dependent and wavelength‐dependent changes in instrument gain, nonlinearity, PMT temperature dependence, and instrument response. Further discussion of long‐term calibration corrections is given by Ahmad et al [1994] and Hilsenrath et al [1995]. SBUV/2 measurements are processed by NOAA/NESDIS using the NASA V6 algorithm [ Bhartia et al , 1996], and output to Product Master File (PMF) data sets.…”

Section: Sbuv‐type Instrumentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solar backscattered ultraviolet (SBUV) observations of polar mesospheric clouds (PMCs) over two solar cycles

et al. 2003

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Previous satellite measurements have provided nearly complete seasonal and geographic coverage of polar mesospheric clouds (PMCs), but previous data sets have not been able to evaluate changes in PMC behavior on decadal timescales. The Solar Backscattered Ultraviolet (SBUV) series of ozone measuring instruments have been flying continuously since 1978. While the instrument design is not optimized for PMC detection, the radiance data can be analyzed to examine the occurrence frequency and intensity of relatively bright PMCs. In this paper, we present PMC results from five SBUV and SBUV/2 instruments covering more than 23 years (1978–2002), starting just before the maximum of solar cycle 21 and extending through the maximum of solar cycle 23. The overlapping data sets from nearly identical instruments give an accurate picture of long‐term variations. Multiple linear regression fits are used to examine solar and secular correlations. PMC occurrence frequency is anticorrelated with solar Lyman alpha irradiance, with an approximate 0.5‐year phase lag in the Northern Hemisphere (Rsolar = −0.87) and no phase lag in the Southern Hemisphere (Rsolar = −0.65). The distribution of cloud brightness by season appears to be changing over time. When the PMC brightness for each season is characterized using an exponential cumulative distribution function, the exponent decreases in magnitude by a factor of 2 from 1978 to 2002 in the Southern Hemisphere (Rtime = +0.85). This implies an increase in the relative proportion of the brightest PMCs. The secular brightness trend is less significant in the Northern Hemisphere (Rtime = +0.58). We discuss possible origins for these changes.

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Section: Sbuv‐type Instrumentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solar backscattered ultraviolet (SBUV) observations of polar mesospheric clouds (PMCs) over two solar cycles

et al. 2003

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“…The N11 SBUV/2 data were processed using the Version 6 algorithm (almost identical to the SBUV algorithm) and a corrected calibration [Ahmad et al, 1994]. The absolute calibration was adjusted to match the Shutfie SBUV (SSBUV) 9O5 calibration [Hilsenrath et al, 1994], while the time-dependent calibration was maintained using an on-board calibration lamp system and verified through comparisons with SSBUV measurements.…”

Section: Paper Number 95gl00605mentioning

confidence: 99%

Ozone trends deduced from combined Nimbus 7 SBUV and NOAA 11 SBUV/2 data

Hollandsworth

McPeters

Flynn³

et al. 1995

Geophysical Research Letters

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The long‐term time series of global ozone from the Nimbus‐7 SBUV (Nov. 1978–June 1990) are extended through June 1994 by using measurements from the NOAA‐11 SBUV/2. The data sets are merged based upon comparisons during the 18‐month overlap period in which both instruments were operational. During this period, the average offset between the two time series is less than 2% in total ozone, and less than 6% in Umkehr layers 1–10. A linear‐regression trend model is applied to the extended time series to calculate updated trends as a function of latitude and altitude. Trends through June 1994 are 1.5‐2% per decade less negative than through June 1990 in the tropical middle stratosphere (35–40 km) and in the upper stratosphere (45–50 km) at mid‐latitudes. In the lower stratosphere, the trends are nearly 1.5% per decade more negative in the southern hemisphere tropical regions to 25°S, but remain relatively unchanged elsewhere. The seasonal structure of the total ozone trends is similar to past trend study results, but the magnitude of the seasonal trend can vary by 2% per decade depending on the length of the time series. Both TOMS (through April 1993) and SBUV total ozone time series show small negative trends in the equatorial region, though they are not statistically significant at the 2‐σ level.

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“…Errors in the goniometric calibration of the diffuser can also be evaluated and corrected using solar irradiance measurements (Ahmad et al, 1994). All instruments from NOAA-11 onward have used this system to monitor the time-dependent change of the albedo calibration in orbit.…”

Section: Satellite Instrument Calibrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A net decrease in the Earth's cloud, aerosol, and surface 340 nm reflectivity during the past 33 yr (1979–2011)

et al. 2013

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Abstract. Measured upwelling radiances from Nimbus-7 SBUV (Solar Backscatter Ultraviolet) and seven NOAA SBUV/2 instruments have been used to calculate the 340 nm Lambertian equivalent reflectivity (LER) of the Earth from 1979 to 2011 after applying a common calibration. The 340 nm LER is highly correlated with cloud and aerosol cover because of the low surface reflectivity of the land and oceans (typically 2 to 6 RU, reflectivity units, where 1 RU = 0.01 = 1.0%) relative to the much higher reflectivity of clouds plus nonabsorbing aerosols (typically 10 to 90 RU). Because of the nearly constant seasonal and long-term 340 nm surface reflectivity in areas without snow and ice, the 340 nm LER can be used to estimate changes in cloud plus aerosol amount associated with seasonal and interannual variability and decadal climate change. The annual motion of the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ), episodic El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO), and latitude-dependent seasonal cycles are apparent in the LER time series. LER trend estimates from 5° zonal average and from 2° × 5° , latitude × longitude, time series show that there has been a global net decrease in 340 nm cloud plus aerosol reflectivity. The decrease in cos2(latitude) weighted average LER from 60° S to 60° N is 0.79 ± 0.03 RU over 33 yr, corresponding to a 3.6 ± 0.2% decrease in LER. Applying a 3.6% cloud reflectivity perturbation to the shortwave energy balance partitioning given by Trenberth et al. (2009) corresponds to an increase of 2.7 W m−2 of solar energy reaching the Earth's surface and an increase of 1.4% or 2.3 W m−2 absorbed by the surface, which is partially offset by increased longwave cooling to space. Most of the decreases in LER occur over land, with the largest decreases occurring over the US (−0.97 RU decade−1), Brazil (−0.9 RU decade−1), and central Europe (−1.35 RU decade−1). There are reflectivity increases near the west coast of Peru and Chile (0.8 ± 0.1 RU decade−1), over parts of India, China, and Indochina, and almost no change over Australia. The largest Pacific Ocean change is −2 ± 0.1 RU decade−1 over the central equatorial region associated with ENSO. There has been little observed change in LER over central Greenland, but there has been a significant decrease over a portion of the west coast of Greenland. Similar significant decreases in LER are observed over a portion of the coast of Antarctica for longitudes −160° to −60° and 80° to 150°.

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Accuracy of total ozone retrieval from NOAA SBUV/2 measurements: Impact of instrument performance

Cited by 27 publications

References 9 publications

Solar backscattered ultraviolet (SBUV) observations of polar mesospheric clouds (PMCs) over two solar cycles

Solar backscattered ultraviolet (SBUV) observations of polar mesospheric clouds (PMCs) over two solar cycles

Ozone trends deduced from combined Nimbus 7 SBUV and NOAA 11 SBUV/2 data

A net decrease in the Earth's cloud, aerosol, and surface 340 nm reflectivity during the past 33 yr (1979–2011)

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