Accuracy of Real-Time Single- and Multi-Beat 3-D Speckle Tracking Echocardiography In Vitro

Regional Strain Determination and Myocardial Infarction Detection by Three‐Dimensional Echocardiography with Varied Temporal Resolution

“…'s study which used 2DS as a reference for 3DE strain. The phantom study is similar to our study but the polyvinyl alcohol phantom does not share the properties of myocardium, especially the spherical geometry when inflated with volume which cannot replicate heart motion.…”

“…Accordingly, higher 3DE FRs improve the accuracy. A recent phantom study found 3DE strain values at acquisitions of a 6‐multibeat and a FR at 36.6 vps to have the best correlation with sonomicrometry data. In our study, linear regression analyses and Bland–Altman analyses both demonstrated better correlations and stronger agreements of strain values derived from high FR (FR: 33 vps) acquisitions than low FR (FR: 18 vps) acquisitions in both normal heart group and simulated MI group (Table ).…”

“…As there is a trade‐off between frame rate and spatial resolution, increase FR with fixed sector width and depth (decreasing beam density), the spatial resolution will drop. Speckle tracking accuracy depends on temporal resolution and spatial resolution, the best strain results can be derived from images to have less changes between frames and not too coarse to get a good match . Yodwut et al .…”

“…FR of 5 and 10 vps are considered unacceptable for use by physicians. An experimental phantom study utilized FR settings of 18.7–124.4 vps, which is difficult to achieve with most commercial ultrasound systems . However, the FR in this study are the most commonly used on ultrasound systems.…”

An Ultrasound-Driven Kinematic Model for Deformation of the Infarcted Mouse Left Ventricle Incorporating a Near-Incompressibility Constraint

“…Recent advances in high frequency ultrasound have made it possible to study myocardial mechanics in transgenic mouse models by capturing high frame rate cines with spatial resolutions of approximately 50µm axial and 110µm lateral resolutions (Foster 2009). However, motion estimates using speckle tracking techniques are often noisy (Bansal 2008; Hjertaas 2013). For example, in mouse heart imaging, high heart rate (400 – 600 beats per minute), consequent limited number of image frames per cardiac cycle, and out of plane motion can result in significant decorrelation between frames.…”