Accuracy of Heart Rate Measurements of Three Smartwatch Models in Dogs

Yanmaz, Latif Emrah; Okur, Sıtkıcan; Ersöz, Uğur; Şenocak, Mümin Gökhan; Turgut, Ferda

doi:10.1016/j.tcam.2022.100654

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The analysis was based on data by previous study which compares HR measurement in dogs using different smartwatches. 10 Results are presented in terms of the mean difference (%) and the 95% limits of agreement (LoA) with appropriate measurements of precision for each estimated parameter. For each comparison pair, we also regressed the differences on the mean of the combined measurements to assess the relationship between bias and the magnitude of the measurement.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A previous study in dogs has reported that GF5xp has high accuracy for detecting HR. 10 To our knowledge, no other study has investigated the accuracy of HR in animals using AppW6. However, our results were consistent with a previous study that showed that AppW6 has a high level of accuracy for HR monitoring in humans.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…9 Furthermore, GF5xp accurately measures HR in dogs. 10 However, the reliability of GF5xp and AppW6 to measure HR and SpO 2 in cats remains to be demonstrated. The aim of the study reported here was to evaluate the accuracy for 2 smartwatches with oximetry technology and optical wrist HR or single-lead ECG technology (Fenix 5X Plus [GF5xp], Garmin Ltd and Apple Watch 6 [AppW6], Apple Inc, respectively)…”

Section: (Apple Inc [Appw6]mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Two different smartwatches exhibit high accuracy in evaluating heart rate and peripheral oxygen saturation in cats when compared with the electrocardiography and transmittance pulse oximetry

Yanmaz

Okur

Ersöz

et al. 2022

javma

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OBJECTIVE To evaluate the accuracy for 2 smartwatches with oximetry technology and optical wrist heart rate (HR) or single-lead Electrocardiography (ECG) technology (Fenix 5X Plus [GF5xp], Garmin Ltd and Apple Watch 6 [AppW6], Apple Inc, respectively) versus reference methods (ECG and transmittance pulse oximetry [TPO], respectively) in measuring HR and peripheral oxygen saturation of hemoglobin (SpO2) in cats. ANIMALS 10 male client-owned cats aged 8 to 12 months and weighing 3.2 to 4.5 kg. PROCEDURES All cats that were presented for elective castration at the Atatürk University Animal Hospital between March 10 and April 15, 2022, were considered for enrollment. Monitoring of HR and SpO2 during anesthesia was performed with a 3-lead ECG and transmittance pulse oximetry, respectively, connected to a multiparameter monitor (reference methods) along with a GF5xp and a AppW6. Agreement between reference methods and the smartwatches were assessed by the Bland-Altman plot, in which the differences (%) between methods were plotted against their mean HR or SpO2 (reference method measurement – test device measurement) and the limits of agreement (mean ± 1.96 × SD). RESULTS Compared with ECG measurements of HR, GF5xp had superior bias (–0.1%) and limit of agreement (LoA, 3.0 to –3.3%) versus those of the AppW6 (bias, 0.2%; LoA, 3.7 to –3.4%). Compared with TPO measurements of SpO2, AppW6 had superior bias (0.2%) and LoA (3.0% and –2.5%) versus those of the GF5xp (bias, –2.1%; LoA, 0.2 to –4.4%). CLINICAL RELEVANCE Results indicated that the GF5xp and AppW6 exhibited high accuracy in evaluating HR and SpO2 in cats when compared with the reference methods. However, it should be noted that these comparisons were made in anesthetized patients without any systemic disease.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: (Apple Inc [Appw6]mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Two different smartwatches exhibit high accuracy in evaluating heart rate and peripheral oxygen saturation in cats when compared with the electrocardiography and transmittance pulse oximetry

Yanmaz

Okur

Ersöz

et al. 2022

javma

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Global positioning systems (GPS), accessible data transmission, and accelerometers fitted to collars can give to animal owners the possibility to locate their animals, to track spatio-temporal patterns, and to identify behavioral changes linked to the presence of health issues. Wearable tools for monitoring heart rate or respiratory rate can help monitoring not only health status both in awake and anesthetized animals ( 3 , 4 ), but also fearful and distressful situations ( 5 ). Similarly, remote technologies (e.g., video cameras and imaging systems in the visible and infrared spectral range) can provide insights into animal position and behavior ( 6 ), and they can also help the clinician in identifying areas affected by orthopedic diseases ( 7 , 8 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-invasive estimation of in vivo optical properties and hemodynamic parameters of domestic animals: a preliminary study on horses, dogs, and sheep

Frabasile,

Amendola,

Buttafava

et al. 2023

Front. Vet. Sci.

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Biosensors applied in veterinary medicine serve as a noninvasive method to determine the health status of animals and, indirectly, their level of welfare. Near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) has been suggested as a technology with this application. This study presents preliminary in vivo time domain NIRS measurements of optical properties (absorption coefficient, reduced scattering coefficient, and differential pathlength factor) and hemodynamic parameters (concentration of oxygenated hemoglobin, deoxygenated hemoglobin, total hemoglobin, and tissue oxygen saturation) of tissue domestic animals, specifically of skeletal muscle (4 dogs and 6 horses) and head (4 dogs and 19 sheep). The results suggest that TD NIRS in vivo measurements on domestic animals are feasible, and reveal significant variations in the optical and hemodynamic properties among tissue types and species. In horses the different optical and hemodynamic properties of the measured muscles can be attributed to the presence of a thicker adipose layer over the muscle in the Longissimus Dorsi and in the Gluteus Superficialis as compared to the Triceps Brachii. In dogs the absorption coefficient is higher in the head (temporalis musculature) than in skeletal muscles. The smaller absorption coefficient for the head of the sheep as compared to the head of dogs may suggest that in sheep we are indeed reaching the brain cortex while in dog light penetration can be hindered by the strongly absorbing muscle covering the cranium.

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Automatic Assessment of Canine Trainability Using Heart Rate Responses to Positive and Negative Emotional Stimuli

Ospina-De la Cruz,

Pérez-Espinosa,

Urbina-Escalante

et al. 2023

Lecture Notes in Computer Science

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Accuracy of Heart Rate Measurements of Three Smartwatch Models in Dogs

Cited by 5 publications

References 10 publications

Two different smartwatches exhibit high accuracy in evaluating heart rate and peripheral oxygen saturation in cats when compared with the electrocardiography and transmittance pulse oximetry

Two different smartwatches exhibit high accuracy in evaluating heart rate and peripheral oxygen saturation in cats when compared with the electrocardiography and transmittance pulse oximetry

Non-invasive estimation of in vivo optical properties and hemodynamic parameters of domestic animals: a preliminary study on horses, dogs, and sheep

Automatic Assessment of Canine Trainability Using Heart Rate Responses to Positive and Negative Emotional Stimuli

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