Accessory cell function in asymptomatic human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients

Expression patterns of Fcγ receptors, HLA-DR and selected adhesion molecules on monocytes from normal and HIV-infected individuals

“…In addition, Capsoni and co-workers showed an association between elevated IFN-7 serum levels and increased FC7RI expression on neutrophils and monocytes from HIV* individuals [11], Finally, elevated serum levels of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-/3) have been suggested as the reason for enhanced FC7RIII expression on monocytes from seropositive subjects [21], Defective accessory function of monocytes from seropositive subjects has often been described [33,34], Bender and co-workers observed AIDS-associated decreased antibodydependent cellular cytotoxicity and complement-mediated phagocytosis in vivo, and reproduced these phenomena in vitro in monocytes from AIDS patients [35]. Under slightly difTerent experimental conditions and/or in other patient groups, however, accessory, phagocytic and cytotoxic functions were normal or sometimes even enhanced compared with control monocytes [36][37][38][39]. Although again controversial, the basal cytokine expression in monocytes from seropositives is usually increased, whereas the production after stimulation is rather decreased [29,[40][41][42].…”

Modulation of T cell responses to recall antigens presented by Langerhans cells in HIV-discordant identical twins by anti-interleukin (IL)-10 antibodies and IL-12.

“…A summary of the clinical characteristics of the HIV ϩ individuals studied is found in Table I. All patients were men, and the median age was 34 yr (range: [30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44]. Median CD4 ϩ cell count was 189/mm 3 (range: 9-680).…”

“…We are the only group to have studied function of DC in HIV ϩ individuals in this manner. Other investigators, obtaining syngeneic cells derived from HIV-discordant pairs, have used either Mø (38)(39)(40) or irradiated PBMC (41,42) as APC. Although relatively few HIV ϩ individuals have been previously studied, most of these patients (i.e., 9 of 11) also had no detectable defects in APC function when using normal syngeneic TC as responders in cell-mixing experiments.…”

During HIV-1 infection most blood dendritic cells are not productively infected and can induce allogeneic CD4+ T cells clonal expansion

“…some investigators have reported a decrease in MLR stimulalory capacity in seropositives [29,30.32]. and some have nol [33,34]. bul in no case were dendritic cells enumerated.…”