Acceso y morbilidad hospitalaria en personas con trastornos del desarrollo intelectual

Abstract

Objetivo. Las personas con trastornos del desarrollo intelectual (TDI) suelen presentar peor estado de salud que la población general. El objetivo de este estudio es evaluar el acceso y la morbimortalidad hospitalaria en los pacientes con TDI y compararla con la población general. Material y métodos. Se realizó un estudio transversal retrospectivo y se compararon los datos de los ingresos y altas hospitalarias entre pacientes con TDI y sin dichos transtornos, en Ciudad Real, España. Resultados. De un total de 51 325 altas, 441 (0.9%) correspondían a personas con TDI. Estas personas presentaban significativamente menos ingresos programados que la población general y menos intervenciones quirúrgicas y, a su vez, más ingresos debidos a enfermedades mentales y del sistema respiratorio. Conclusiones. Las personas con TDI tienen patrones de morbilidad diferentes a los del resto de la población. Además este estudio revela posibles dificultades en el acceso a la atención sanitaria en estas personas.

Health indicators in intellectual developmental disorders: The key findings of the POMONA‐ESP project

“…However, the services available and specialized care are scarce(Salvador-Carulla et al, 2013). Little research has been conducted on this issue to date, although there are some indications that compared to the general population, people with intellectual developmental disorders have less programmed hospital admissions, fewer surgical interventions and more hospital admissions due to mental disorders and respiratory problems (Bernal-Celestino,León-Hurtado, & Martínez-Leal, 2017). In our sample, use of health services was more common among participants with mild and profound intellectual disability.…”

“…In our sample, use of health services was more common among participants with mild and profound intellectual disability. Little research has been conducted on this issue to date, although there are some indications that compared to the general population, people with intellectual developmental disorders have less programmed hospital admissions, fewer surgical interventions and more hospital admissions due to mental disorders and respiratory problems (Bernal‐Celestino, León‐Hurtado, & Martínez‐Leal, ). In Spain, a study found that people with severe and profound levels of intellectual disability used social healthcare services less than those with mild and moderate intellectual disability, although they had more medical and social needs (Verdugo et al., ).…”