Accelerator Mass Spectrometric Radiocarbon Measurements on Foraminifera Shells from Deep-Sea Cores

Broecker, Wallace S.; Klas, Mieczyslawa; Clark, Elizabeth; Trumbore, Susan E.; Bonani, Georges; Wölfli, W.; Ivy, Susan

doi:10.1017/s003382220004011x

Cited by 50 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…1 cm) of cation exchange resin (Dowex Ag 50W × 12) preconditioned in 1.2N HC1. The column was washed with 20 ml of a Average Holocene accumulation rates of the cores are from the following sources: Radiocarbon (AMS) ages of TT154-10 and V28-238 are from [67]. The chr0nostratigraphy of RCll-210 is based on the 81So record of Globoratalia tumida [52].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Boundary scavenging in the Pacific Ocean: a comparison of10Be and231Pa

Anderson

Lao

Broecker

et al. 1990

Earth and Planetary Science Letters

194

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Concentrations of U, Th, 231pa and 1°Be were measured in Holocene sediments from two cores collected off the west coast of South America, two cores from the East Pacific Rise, two from the equatorial Pacific and one from the south Pacific central gyre. Our results, together with data from 5 cores reported in the literature, show that boundary scavenging plays a major role in the removal of 1°Be from the Pacific Ocean. Deposition rates of 1°Be at three margin sites are more than an order of magnitude greater than at sites of red clay accumulation in the deep central Pacific. Deposition of 231pa is 4 to 5-fold greater at the margin sites. The residence time of 1°Be with respect to chemical scavenging, defined as its inventory in the water column divided by its rate of removal to the sediments, varies regionally from > 1000 years at the red-clay sites in the deep central Pacific to -100 years at the margin sites. Different factors control boundary scavenging of Pa and Be. For example, scavenging of 231pa is enhanced by metal-oxide coatings of particles, whereas this seems to have little influence on the scavenging of l°Be.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Boundary scavenging in the Pacific Ocean: a comparison of10Be and231Pa

Anderson

Lao

Broecker

et al. 1990

Earth and Planetary Science Letters

194

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“…A number of planktic and benthic 14 C dates were also measured at the neighboring Site SO50-37 (Broecker et al 1988), located less than 100 nautical miles away from Site GIK17940 but almost 1000 m deeper, at 2695 m 83-17.25 16.63-16.75 14.6-14.8 15.7-16.05 13.0-13.7 12.3-12.6 11.9-12.05 13.8-13.9 Benthic 14C dates uncorrected Figure 8 Planktic and benthic 14 C records and sedimentation rates of Core GIK17940 (Sarnthein et al 2007, suppl.). For details of figure caption, see Figure 3.…”

Section: Two Neighboring Sites In the Northern South China Seamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…9 (7) Figure 9 Planktic and benthic 14 C records and sedimentation rates of Core SO50-37 ( 14 C dates of Broecker et al 1988). For details of figure caption, see Figure 3.…”

Section: Subpolar Northwest Pacific -Detroit Seamountmentioning

confidence: 99%

Planktic and Benthic¹⁴C Reservoir Ages for Three Ocean Basins, Calibrated by a Suite of¹⁴C Plateaus in the Glacial-to-Deglacial Suigetsu Atmospheric¹⁴C Record

Sarnthein¹,

Balmer²,

Grootes³

et al. 2015

Radiocarbon

131

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This article presents a compilation of planktic and benthic 14C reservoir ages for the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) and early deglacial from 11 key sites of global ocean circulation in the Atlantic and Indo-Pacific Ocean. The ages were obtained by 14C plateau tuning, a robust technique to derive both an absolute chronology for marine sediment records and a high-resolution record of changing reservoir/ventilation ages (Δ14C values) for surface and deep waters by comparing the suite of planktic 14C plateaus of a sediment record with that of the atmospheric 14C record. Results published thus far have used as atmospheric 14C reference U/Th-dated corals, the Cariaco planktic record, and speleothems. We have now used the varve-counted atmospheric 14C record of Lake Suigetsu terrestrial macrofossils to recalibrate the boundary ages and reservoir ages of the seven published records directly to an atmospheric 14C record. In addition, the results for four new cores and further planktic results for four published records are given. Main conclusions from the new compilation are the following: (1) The Suigetsu atmospheric 14C record on its varve-counted timescale reflects all 14C plateaus, their internal structures, and relative length previously identified, but implies a rise in the average 14C plateau age by 200–700 14C yr during the LGM and early deglacial times. (2) Based on different 14C ages of coeval atmospheric and planktic 14C plateaus, marine surface water Δ14C may have temporarily dropped to an equivalent of ∼0 yr in low-latitude lagoon waters, but reached >2500 14C yr both in stratified subpolar waters and in upwelled waters such as in the South China Sea. These values differ significantly from a widely assumed constant global planktic Δ14C value of 400 yr. (3) Suites of deglacial planktic Δ14C values are closely reproducible in 14C records measured at neighboring core sites. (4) Apparent deep-water 14C ventilation ages (equivalents of benthic Δ14C), deduced from the sum of planktic Δ14C and coeval benthic-planktic 14C differences, vary from 500 up to >5000 yr in LGM and deglacial ocean basins.

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“…Constraints on the past deep-ocean D 14 C have been acquired using the radiocarbon ages of benthic and planktonic foraminifera (BF-PF) and the aragonitic skeletons of deep-sea corals. In the foraminifera, the planktonic age can be converted to a calendar age, and the benthic 14 C/ 12 C ratio can then be used to calculate deep-ocean D 14 C. Early D 14 C reconstructions suffered from problems of species-dependent age variability in planktonic 14 C/ 12 C measurements (15)(16)(17)(18), but this problem is alleviated by targeting depths with high foraminiferal abundances or high sedimentation rates (19).…”

Section: Downloaded Frommentioning

confidence: 99%

Radiocarbon Variability in the Western North Atlantic During the Last Deglaciation

Robinson

Adkins

Keigwin

et al. 2005

Science

276

243

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We present a detailed history of glacial to Holocene radiocarbon in the deep western North Atlantic from deep-sea corals and paired benthic-planktonic foraminifera. The deglaciation is marked by switches between radiocarbon-enriched and -depleted waters, leading to large radiocarbon gradients in the water column. These changes played an important role in modulating atmospheric radiocarbon. The deep-ocean record supports the notion of a bipolar seesaw with increased Northern-source deep-water formation linked to Northern Hemisphere warming and the reverse. In contrast, the more frequent radiocarbon variations in the intermediate/deep ocean are associated with roughly synchronous changes at the poles.

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Accelerator Mass Spectrometric Radiocarbon Measurements on Foraminifera Shells from Deep-Sea Cores

Cited by 50 publications

References 11 publications

Boundary scavenging in the Pacific Ocean: a comparison of10Be and231Pa

Boundary scavenging in the Pacific Ocean: a comparison of10Be and231Pa

Planktic and Benthic¹⁴C Reservoir Ages for Three Ocean Basins, Calibrated by a Suite of¹⁴C Plateaus in the Glacial-to-Deglacial Suigetsu Atmospheric¹⁴C Record

Radiocarbon Variability in the Western North Atlantic During the Last Deglaciation

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Accelerator Mass Spectrometric Radiocarbon Measurements on Foraminifera Shells from Deep-Sea Cores

Cited by 50 publications

References 11 publications

Boundary scavenging in the Pacific Ocean: a comparison of10Be and231Pa

Boundary scavenging in the Pacific Ocean: a comparison of10Be and231Pa

Planktic and Benthic14C Reservoir Ages for Three Ocean Basins, Calibrated by a Suite of14C Plateaus in the Glacial-to-Deglacial Suigetsu Atmospheric14C Record

Radiocarbon Variability in the Western North Atlantic During the Last Deglaciation

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Planktic and Benthic¹⁴C Reservoir Ages for Three Ocean Basins, Calibrated by a Suite of¹⁴C Plateaus in the Glacial-to-Deglacial Suigetsu Atmospheric¹⁴C Record