Accelerated T-Cell Immunosenescence in Cytomegalovirus-Seropositive Individuals After Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection

Álvarez-Heredia, Pablo; Reina-Alfonso, Irene; Castillo, Jose Joaquín Domínguez-Del; Gutiérrez-González, Carmen; Hassouneh, Fakhri; Batista-Duharte, Alexander; Pérez, Ana-Belén; Tarazona, Raquel; Solana, Rafael; Pera, Alejandra

doi:10.1093/infdis/jiad119

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Likewise, HCMV IgG antibody titres do not seem to be linked to a higher chance of HCMV reactivation or to being more or less prone to disease in healthy individuals [ 31 ]. However, HCMV chronic infection has been shown to drive the expansion of immune cells that are associated with numerous inflammatory pathologies such as cardiovascular disease, COVID-19, and SMI [ 16 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 ]. In addition, chronic HCMV infection, inflammaging, and advancing age significantly affect the immune system, ultimately contributing to the onset of various diseases [ 11 , 16 , 38 , 39 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, HCMV chronic infection has been shown to drive the expansion of immune cells that are associated with numerous inflammatory pathologies such as cardiovascular disease, COVID-19, and SMI [ 16 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 ]. In addition, chronic HCMV infection, inflammaging, and advancing age significantly affect the immune system, ultimately contributing to the onset of various diseases [ 11 , 16 , 38 , 39 ]. Besides, a recent study has recently shown that the response to HCMV depends on the sex of the individual [ 40 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, we aimed to examine the differences in seroprevalence between the two periods, which were a decade apart. Furthermore, we performed a comparative study investigating the presence of HCMV chronic infection and anti-HCMV IgG antibody titres among healthy controls and individuals with HCMV-associated inflammatory-based diseases, including cardiovascular diseases such as aortic stenosis, aortic or mitral pathology and coronary artery disease (CVD) [ 11 , 12 ], serious mental illness (SMI) [ 13 , 14 ], and the novel COVID-19 [ 15 , 16 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spanish HCMV Seroprevalence in the 21st Century

Álvarez-Heredia,

Reina-Alfonso,

Domínguez-del-Castillo

et al. 2023

Viruses

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Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is linked to age-related diseases like cardiovascular disease, neurodegenerative conditions, and cancer. It can also cause congenital defects and severe illness in immunocompromised individuals. Accurate HCMV seroprevalence assessment is essential for public health planning and identifying at-risk individuals. This is the first HCMV seroprevalence study conducted in the general Spanish adult population in 30 years. We studied HCMV seroprevalence and HCMV IgG antibody titres in healthy adult donors (HDs) and HCMV-related disease patients from 2010 to 2013 and 2020 to 2023, categorized by sex and age. We compared our data with 1993 and 1999 studies in Spain. The current HCMV seroprevalence among HDs in Spain is 73.48%. In women of childbearing age, HCMV seroprevalence has increased 1.4-fold in the last decade. HCMV-seropositive individuals comprise 89.83% of CVD patients, 69% of SMI patients, and 70.37% of COVID-19 patients. No differences in HCMV seroprevalence or HCMV IgG antibody titres were observed between patients and HDs. A significant reduction in Spanish HCMV seroprevalence among HDs was observed in 1993. However, women of childbearing age have shown an upturn in the last decade that may denote a health risk in newborns and a change in HCMV seroprevalence trends.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Spanish HCMV Seroprevalence in the 21st Century

Álvarez-Heredia,

Reina-Alfonso,

Domínguez-del-Castillo

et al. 2023

Viruses

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Excess of body weight is associated with accelerated T-cell senescence in hospitalized COVID-19 patients

Madruga,

Grun,

Santos

et al. 2024

Immun Ageing

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Background Several risk factors have been involved in the poor clinical progression of coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19), including ageing, and obesity. SARS-CoV-2 may compromise lung function through cell damage and paracrine inflammation; and obesity has been associated with premature immunosenescence, microbial translocation, and dysfunctional innate immune responses leading to poor immune response against a range of viruses and bacterial infections. Here, we have comprehensively characterized the immunosenescence, microbial translocation, and immune dysregulation established in hospitalized COVID-19 patients with different degrees of body weight. Results Hospitalised COVID-19 patients with overweight and obesity had similarly higher plasma LPS and sCD14 levels than controls (all p < 0.01). Patients with obesity had higher leptin levels than controls. Obesity and overweight patients had similarly higher expansions of classical monocytes and immature natural killer (NK) cells (CD56+CD16−) than controls. In contrast, reduced proportions of intermediate monocytes, mature NK cells (CD56+CD16+), and NKT were found in both groups of patients than controls. As expected, COVID-19 patients had a robust expansion of plasmablasts, contrasting to lower proportions of major T-cell subsets (CD4 + and CD8+) than controls. Concerning T-cell activation, overweight and obese patients had lower proportions of CD4+CD38+ cells than controls. Contrasting changes were reported in CD25+CD127low/neg regulatory T cells, with increased and decreased proportions found in CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, respectively. There were similar proportions of T cells expressing checkpoint inhibitors across all groups. We also investigated distinct stages of T-cell differentiation (early, intermediate, and late-differentiated – TEMRA). The intermediate-differentiated CD4 + T cells and TEMRA cells (CD4+ and CD8+) were expanded in patients compared to controls. Senescent T cells can also express NK receptors (NKG2A/D), and patients had a robust expansion of CD8+CD57+NKG2A+ cells than controls. Unbiased immune profiling further confirmed the expansions of senescent T cells in COVID-19. Conclusions These findings suggest that dysregulated immune cells, microbial translocation, and T-cell senescence may partially explain the increased vulnerability to COVID-19 in subjects with excess of body weight.

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Immunosenescence and Cytomegalovirus: Exploring Their Connection in the Context of Aging, Health, and Disease

Müller,

Di Benedetto

2024

IJMS

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Aging induces numerous physiological alterations, with immunosenescence emerging as a pivotal factor. This phenomenon has attracted both researchers and clinicians, prompting profound questions about its implications for health and disease. Among the contributing factors, one intriguing actor in this complex interplay is human cytomegalovirus (CMV), a member of the herpesvirus family. Latent CMV infection exerts a profound influence on the aging immune system, potentially contributing to age-related diseases. This review delves into the intricate relationship between immunosenescence and CMV, revealing how chronic viral infection impacts the aging immune landscape. We explore the mechanisms through which CMV can impact both the composition and functionality of immune cell populations and induce shifts in inflammatory profiles with aging. Moreover, we examine the potential role of CMV in pathologies such as cardiovascular diseases, cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, COVID-19, and Long COVID. This review underlines the importance of understanding the complex interplay between immunosenescence and CMV. It offers insights into the pathophysiology of aging and age-associated diseases, as well as COVID-19 outcomes among the elderly. By unraveling the connections between immunosenescence and CMV, we gain a deeper understanding of aging’s remarkable journey and the profound role that viral infections play in transforming the human immune system.

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Accelerated T-Cell Immunosenescence in Cytomegalovirus-Seropositive Individuals After Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection

Cited by 3 publications

References 47 publications

Spanish HCMV Seroprevalence in the 21st Century

Spanish HCMV Seroprevalence in the 21st Century

Excess of body weight is associated with accelerated T-cell senescence in hospitalized COVID-19 patients

Immunosenescence and Cytomegalovirus: Exploring Their Connection in the Context of Aging, Health, and Disease

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