Accelerated sample preparation and formation of astragaloside IV in Astragali Radix

Abstract

Context: Astragali Radix (Huangqi; Astragalus mongholicus BUNGE, Fabaceae) is used in herbal medicinal products as well as in many food supplements. In traditional Chinese medicine, the roots are used for its Qi tonifying, immunostimulant, cardioprotective, hepatoprotective and hypoglycemic effects. Objective: Astragaloside IV (AGS-IV), a cycloartane-type triterpene glycoside is used as a marker compound for the quality control of Astragali Radix in various pharmacopoeias. Materials and methods: In this study, we analyzed the content of AGS-IV and other astragalosides in various commercial samples of Huangqi by reversed-phase HPLC using evaporative light scattering detection. Results: The analyses revealed that AGS-IV is formed during sample preparation from acylated astragalosides like astragaloside I and astragaloside II, when using the assay method of the European Pharmacopoeia. Discussion and conclusion: For consistent assay results, the extraction methods of the pharmacopoeias should be re-evaluated and optimized. Alternatively, the hydrolysis by ammonia could be omitted and the genuine compounds like astragaloside I, II and malonyl-AGS-I could be considered for the quality control of Astragali Radix.

A Practical Quality Control Method for Saponins Without UV Absorption by UPLC-QDA

“…Saponins are of great value in the development of new drugs or functional foods because of their wide distribution and various activities (Monschein et al, 2013). Some commonly used Chinese medicines, including ginseng ( Panax ginseng C.A.…”

Screening anti‐allergic components of Astragali Radix using LAD2 cell membrane chromatography coupled online with UHPLC‐ESI‐MS/MS method

“…Astragali Radix (Huangqi in Chinese, HQ), a traditional Chinese herb, has invigorating effects and is commonly used in traditional Chinese medicine (Du et al ., ; Li, He, Sun, Qin, & Du, ; Monschein et al ., ; Zhang, Tian, Gao, Qin, & Li, ). HQ has also been used as immune stimulant, tonic, antioxidant, anticancer, antidiabetic, hepatoprotectant, expectorant and anti‐carcinogenic or diureticagent (Fu et al ., ).…”

Dynamic variation of bioactive compounds and aflatoxins in contaminated Radix Astragali during extraction process

“…mongholicus (Bunge) Hsiao, is one of the most popular traditional medicinal herbs and dietary supplements in Asia . In traditional Chinese medicine, Radix Astragali is used for tonifying to treat the syndromes of Qi deficiency and blood exhaustion . Calycosin‐7‐glucoside, astragaloside and formononetin are recognised as its main bioactive components, and these compounds have immuno‐stimulant, cardioprotective, hepatoprotective and hypoglycaemic effects .…”

“…5 In traditional Chinese medicine, Radix Astragali is used for tonifying to treat the syndromes of Qi deficiency and blood exhaustion. 6 Calycosin-7-glucoside, astragaloside and formononetin are recognised as its main bioactive components, and these compounds have immuno-stimulant, cardioprotective, hepatoprotective and hypoglycaemic effects. 7 -9 As an edible herb, Radix Astragali is extensively used in wine, as a food, and in cooking.…”