Accelerated measles control in sub-Saharan Africa

Wiysonge, Charles Shey; Nomo, E; Mawo, Jeanne Ngo-Ndjan; Ticha, Johnson Muluh

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(06)68133-6

Cited by 15 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…It is undeniable that the use of vaccines have prevented more premature deaths, permanent disability and suffering, in all regions of the world, than any other medical discovery or intervention. 1,2 According to the 2016 Global Burden of Disease Study, the number of children dying before their fifth birthday declined from 16.4 million to 5.0 million between 1970 and 2016 respectively. 3 Each year, more than 100 million infants are immunized, saving 2-3 million lives annually.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does it really matter where you live? A multilevel analysis of factors associated with missed opportunities for vaccination in sub-Saharan Africa

Uthman

Sambala

Adamu

et al. 2018

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics

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There is an urgent need to examine the magnitude and factors responsible for missed opportunities for vaccination, to rapidly achieve national immunization targets. The objective of the study was to examine the influence of individual, neighbourhood and country level socioeconomic position on missed opportunities for vaccination (MOV) in Sub-Saharan Africa. We used multilevel logistic regression analysis on Demographic and Health Survey data collected between 2007 and 2016 in sub-Saharan Africa. We analysed data on 43,637 children aged 12 to 23 months (Level 1) nested within 15,122 neighbourhoods (Level 2) from 35 countries (Level 3). After adjustment for individual-, neighbourhood- and country-level factors, the following appeared as significant risk factors for increased odds of MOV: high birth order, high number of under-five children in the house, poorest household, lack of maternal education, lack of media access, and living in poorer neighbourhood. According to the intra-country and intra-neighbourhood correlation coefficient, 18.4% and 37.4% of the variance in odds of MOV could be attributed to the country and neighbourhood level factors, respectively; and if a child moved to another country or neighbourhood with a higher probability of MOV, the median increase in their odds of MOV would be 2.47 and 2.56 fold respectively. This study has revealed that the risk of missed opportunities for vaccination in sub-Saharan Africa is influenced by not only individual factors but also by compositional factors such as family’s financial capacity, place of birth and upbringing.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does it really matter where you live? A multilevel analysis of factors associated with missed opportunities for vaccination in sub-Saharan Africa

Uthman

Sambala

Adamu

et al. 2018

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics

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“…Supplemental immunization activities (SIAs) leads to high vaccination coverage and more measles cases and deaths averted, compared to the single dose schedule [13,14]. Since the implementation of the SIAs in Cameroon, the incidence of measles has declined [15,16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morbidity and Mortality from Measles in Cameroonian Children: Implications for Measles Control

Nguefack¹

2011

TOARSJ

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Abstract:Objective: To investigate the epidemiological trends of measles in the Littoral, North-west, South-west and Western regions of Cameroon in order to improve measles control. Design and Methods:Cross-sectional study of retrolective data collected on cases of measles from January 1997 to April 2003 and stored in registers at regional levels. Child age, immunization and disease status, complications and outcomes were recorded.Results: 33,268 cases of measles were registered. The trend was endemo-epidemic with outbreaks occurring between February and April. The average incidence rate was 4.8‰ per year with 4.1‰ reported in 1998, 5.8‰ in 2001, and 0.9‰ in 2002. Complete data sets for 16,637 cases indicate that 47.4% were children aged 9 to 59 months. Those less than 9 months represented 15.2% of the cases. More than half (415 cases) of the 766 cases with known immunization status (54.2%) representing 2.5% of the 16,637 total cases had received the measles vaccine. Complications were frequent in the Western (53.7%) and the Littoral (33.7%) regions and 53.3% of all complications were bronchopulmonary infections. The global case fatality rate was 1.6%, and 2.1% in children less than 9 months with a significant tendency to decrease with age (p<10 -4 ). The most frequent cause-related disorders of death were malnutrition (34.4%), neurological (35.3%) and digestive (26.2%).Conclusion: measles was a public health problem in Cameroon with vaccinated and unvaccinated children both affected within the period of study. Those less than 9 months old, carried the highest burden of the disease in terms of mortality.

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“…Opportunities for improving yellow fever control in Cameroon include the recently formed Yellow Fever Initiative [ 10 ] and the high-level political commitment to the control of vaccine-preventable diseases in the country [ 16 , 19 ]. The Yellow Fever Initiative will assist 12 priority countries in West Africa, including Cameroon, to conduct mass preventive vaccination campaigns targeting 48 million people between 2007 and 2010.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since vaccination coverage is strongly associated with socio-economic status in Cameroon [ 36 ], communication and social mobilisation efforts that accompany and support vaccination delivery have been adapted to each milieu. Permanent community dialogue structures have been established in all health districts and efforts are made to reach poorly educated mothers by disseminating information through women's associations and community opinion leaders, resulting in increased demand for vaccination services [ 19 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In September-December 1990 during one epidemic in the Far North Province of the country, 182 cases (with 69% case-fatality rate) were reported [ 13 ], but it is estimated that up to 20,000 cases may have occurred during that epidemic [ 15 ]. Building upon experience gained in conducting high-quality polio eradication and measles elimination activities [ 16 - 19 ], in 2002 Cameroon developed a five-year (2003–2007) strategic plan for yellow fever control. In this report, we present progress and challenges of implementing the plan during its first four years of existence.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Yellow fever control in Cameroon: Where are we now and where are we going?

Wiysonge

Nomo

Mawo

et al. 2008

BMC Med

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Background: Cameroon is one of 12 African countries that bear most of the global burden of yellow fever. In 2002 the country developed a five-year strategic plan for yellow fever control, which included strategies for prevention as well as rapid detection and response to outbreaks when they occur. We have used data collected by the national Expanded Programme on Immunisation to assess the progress made and challenges faced during the first four years of implementing the plan.

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Accelerated measles control in sub-Saharan Africa

Cited by 15 publications

References 1 publication

Does it really matter where you live? A multilevel analysis of factors associated with missed opportunities for vaccination in sub-Saharan Africa

Does it really matter where you live? A multilevel analysis of factors associated with missed opportunities for vaccination in sub-Saharan Africa

Morbidity and Mortality from Measles in Cameroonian Children: Implications for Measles Control

Yellow fever control in Cameroon: Where are we now and where are we going?

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