Accelerated hydrogen evolution reaction in Ni₃P/MoP₂/MoO₂ tri-phase composites with rich crystalline interfaces and oxygen vacancies achieved by plasma assisted phosphorization

Abstract

P-NiMoP nanorods (NRs) comprising tri-phases of MoP2, Ni3P and MoO2 with rich crystalline interfaces and oxygen vacancies in MoO2 have been synthesized by plasma-assisted phosphorization of NiMoO4 NRs.

A NiFe/NiSe2 heterojunction bifunctional catalyst rich in oxygen vacancies introduced using dielectric barrier discharge plasma for liquid and flexible all-solid-state rechargeable Zn–air batteries

“…20 The intensity of NiFe/NiSe 2 @NCNT is relatively lower than that in the DBD-NiFe/NiSe 2 @NCNT, which indicates the existence of more oxygen vacancies/defects in the DBD-NiFe/NiSe 2 @NCNT, well-matching with the results of Raman spectroscopy, further verifying that the plasma technology has great potential for vacancy/defect production. 15 The formation of oxygen vacancies/defects depends on the high energetic ions of plasma. 36 Optical emission spectroscopy (OES) was used to determine the composition in the plasma, presented in Fig.…”

“…12 Designing surfaces and interfaces by constructing heterostructures is an effective strategy to boost the intrinsic activity of electrocatalysts, since the interface is usually where the catalytic reaction takes place. 9,15 The electronic structure can be optimized by the strong electronic interaction between the different active phases in the heterostructure, thereby promoting the production of highly active substances or regulating the chemical adsorption of reactive intermediates on the catalyst surface. 16 Zhang et al fabricated Co 2 P-CoN core-shell NPs with double active sites encapsulated in nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes (Co 2 P/CoN-in-NCNTs) by a straightforward pyrolysis method, exhibiting excellent catalytic activities for the OER/ ORR, high gravimetric energy density (844.5 W h kg À1 ), and outstanding cycling stability in rechargeable ZABs.…”

“…Various methods have been used to construct oxygen vacancies, including thermal treatment, [23][24][25] the reduction process, 20,[26][27][28] plasma treatment, etc. 15,[29][30][31] However, thermal treatment needs to be performed at high temperature or high pressure, which is inconvenient and time-consuming. 32 And the operation of reduction process is generally complicated.…”

Large-scale production of a low-cost molybdenum dioxide–phosphide seamless electrode for high-current-density hydrogen evolution

“…As a renewable and sustainable energy carrier, hydrogen (H 2 ) has been considered as a promising alternative to natural fossil fuels due to its high energy density, cleanness, and carbon neutrality. 1–3 Alkaline water electrolysis (AWE) is the most widely used technology in the chlor-alkali industry and industrial hydrogen production. 4,5 The ideal cathode needs catalysts operated for long hours under high temperature, high alkaline, and high-current-density conditions, owing to which only a few materials are available for practical industrial applications.…”

Heterogeneous Ni3P/Ni nanoparticles with optimized Ni active sites anchored in N-doped mesoporous nanofibers for boosting pH-universal hydrogen evolution

“…7,8 Electrocatalytic water split-ting with no pollution and high efficiency is widely considered as an ideal hydrogen production pathway among the available industrial hydrogen production technologies. [9][10][11] However, sluggish hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) kinetics and heavy electricity consumption actuate people to search for highly efficient catalysts. 12,13 Noble metal Pt-based catalysts are well acknowledged to be the most active catalysts for hydrogen evolution, but their high price and rare reserves limit their largescale industrial application.…”