Accelerated dehardening in bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus L.) induced by a small elevation in air temperature

Taulavuori, Kari; Laine, Kari; Taulavuori, Erja; Pakonen, T.; Saari, Esko

doi:10.1016/s0269-7491(97)00115-2

Cited by 65 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Low stature to remain below winter snow cover, deciduous growth (97,98,94,99,100) Protection from chlorophyll bleaching due to light damage in sunny habitats Low stature to remain below winter snow cover; deciduous growth (101) Source of water and nutrients late into the growing season Zonation of plants species related to snow depth and duration (91,102) Increased UV-B radiation Damage to DNA that can be lethal or mutagenic Reflective/absorptive barriers such as thick cell walls and cuticles, waxes and hairs on leaves, and physiological responses such as the induction or presence of UV-B absorbing pigments (e.g. flavenoids) and an ability to repair some UV-B damage to DNA.…”

Section: Animal Adaptations To Low Temperaturesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biodiversity, Distributions and Adaptations of Arctic Species in the Context of Environmental Change

Callaghan

Björn²,

Chernov³

et al. 2004

AMBIO: A Journal of the Human Environment

232

105

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Section: Animal Adaptations To Low Temperaturesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biodiversity, Distributions and Adaptations of Arctic Species in the Context of Environmental Change

Callaghan

Björn²,

Chernov³

et al. 2004

AMBIO: A Journal of the Human Environment

232

105

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“…Also, its carbon-, nutrition-and water economy has been explored (Havas 1971, Gerdol et al 2000, Grelet et al 2001. Several studies concern the response of bilberry to environmental stress factors like herbivory (Kalela 1957, Laine & Henttonen 1983, low temperatures (Taulavuori et al 1997a), pollution (Taulavuori et al 1997b, Reimann et al 2001, and enhanced UV-B radiation (Taulavuori et al 1998, Phoenix et al 2000. The method for tissue culture has been optimized for bilberry (Jaakola et al 2001) for producing homogenous plant material for research purposes and cultivation.…”

Section: Bilberrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Flavonoid Biosynthesis in Bilberry (Vaccinium Myrtillus L.)

Jaakola¹,

Hohtola²,

Määttä³

et al. 2003

Acta Hortic.

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Flavonoids are a class of secondary metabolites in plants that are involved in many important functions. Various flavonoid compounds have also been reported to be beneficial for human health. Bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus L.) is the characteristic field layer species in boreal forests and the fruits of bilberry are rich in anthocyanin pigments, a subclass of flavonoids. In the present work, flavonoid biosynthesis was examined in different tissues of bilberry. The focus was on the developing fruits of wild type and natural color mutants of bilberry, and on effect of solar radiation on flavonoid biosynthesis in bilberry leaves.For the isolation of RNA for gene expression analysis, a method was optimized for different tissues of bilberry. The cDNA fragments of five genes from the flavonoid pathway, coding phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, chalcone synthase, flavanone 3-hydroxylase, dihydroflavanol 4-reductase and anthocyanidin synthase, were isolated from bilberry using polymerase chain reaction technique, sequenced, and labelled with dioxigenin-dUTP label. These homologous, bilberry-specific probes were used for determining the expression of the flavonoid pathway genes in bilberry fruits, flowers and leaves with a modified non-radioactive method developed in the course of the study. The anthocyanins, catechins, proanthocyanidins, flavonols and hydroxycinnamic acids in fruits, leaves and different fractions of bilberry were identified and quantified with high-performance liquid chromatography combined with a diode array detector and mass spectrometer.The results demonstrate a correlation between anthocyanin accumulation and expression of the flavonoid pathway genes during the ripening of berries. A correlation between flavonol and anthocyanin biosynthesis was detected in bilberry and also in previous literature collected from flavonol and anthocyanin analyses from other fruits. Accordingly, models for the connection between flavonol and anthocyanin synthesis in fruit species were suggested. Activation of the expression of flavonoid pathway genes and accumulation of flavonoids and hydroxycinnamic acids was detected in leaves growing under direct solar radiation, compared to the shadow leaves of the same plants. Based on the results, it is suggested that cyanidin of anthocyanins and flavonol quercetin play a predominant role in the defence against high solar radiation in Vaccinium leaves.The results give new information about the biosynthesis of flavonoids in bilberry at the gene level, in addition to the information of the composition and content of flavonoids during fruit development and in different parts of the bilberry plant. Also, new information was obtained of the roles of flavonoids in protecting plants from excess solar radiation.

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“…The mild winters of the last decades have initiated lethal plant injuries in E. blueberry in Sweden, especially during misty and wet weather [36,52,53], which show the importance to select fields with stable snow cover during winter and/or fields that are avoiding low temperatures by other means, like location. Drought stress in V. angustifolium leads to a partition of resources into vegetative growth and into reproductive growth when moisture levels are sufficient [11,12,46].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of fertilization, tiller cutting and environment on plant growth and yield of European blueberry (Vaccinium myrtillus L.) in Norwegian forest fields

Nestby

Martinussen

Krogstad

et al. 2014

JBR

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Abstract. BACKGROUND:European blueberry (E. blueberry; Vaccinium myrtillus L.) is a natural resource demanded by the processing industry with potential of domestication. Therefore an investigation of the possibilities of partial cultivation of native stands was started. OBJECTIVE: To increase knowledge of how E. blueberry react to soil types, climate, mineral nutrition, organic amendments and cutting of tillers. METHODE: Five forest fields with E.blueberry stands in Norway were examined. Besides natural development influenced by soil parameters and climate, effect of fertilization and plant pruning were examined in the municipalities of Bardu in Troms county (68• N) and of Snåsa and Lierne in Nord-Trøndelag county (64 • N). Experiments were executed in randomized block designs in forest fields of native E. blueberry stands. RESULTS:The fields that performed best had O-layers close to 7 cm or thicker. The C/N ratios indicate that N was not easily available in any field, and addition of mineral fertilizer containing nitrogen and phosphor show that especially N increased elongation of long shoots and more nodes were developed. However, the effect on number of short shoots per long shoot initiated a growth gain only the last of two years. The positive growth effect of fertilizer was not followed by higher yields throughout the years, and strongest fertilization level (N60P40) reduced yield in average of four years. Adding composted wood chips or wood chips alone increased tiller growth in the birch-field in Bardu both years, but only the first year in the pine-field; this was not reflected in higher yield. Cutting of shoots to the ground reduced yield and full yield potential was not recovered before the third year after cutting. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that by improving growth conditions, especially by securing a thick natural O-layer and adjusting soil macro nutrient composition, growth conditions could be improved; and that fruit yield were down the two first years after pruning.

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Accelerated dehardening in bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus L.) induced by a small elevation in air temperature

Cited by 65 publications

References 13 publications

Biodiversity, Distributions and Adaptations of Arctic Species in the Context of Environmental Change

Biodiversity, Distributions and Adaptations of Arctic Species in the Context of Environmental Change

Flavonoid Biosynthesis in Bilberry (Vaccinium Myrtillus L.)

Effect of fertilization, tiller cutting and environment on plant growth and yield of European blueberry (Vaccinium myrtillus L.) in Norwegian forest fields

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