“…In academic writing, students are required to connect ideas, concepts, and theories using advanced skills and applying "depth and breadth" learning (Lavelle & Bushrow, 2007). Although it is often assumed that postgraduate students have acquired strong academic writing skills prior to matriculation (Plakhotnik & Rocco, 2016), studies have shown that these students lack necessary skills such as proposal writing (McCarthy & Dempsey, 2017), evaluating and citing source material (Walter & Stouck, 2020), writing effective literature reviews (Bair & Mader, 2013), synthesizing theories and scientific works (Walter & Stouck, 2020), and familiarity with scientific scholarly conventions (Jeyaraj, 2020). Furthermore, basic academic writing skills such as mechanics, clarity, structure, and paragraph-building have been identified as additional weaknesses among L2 postgraduates (Keong & Mussa, 2015;Mehar Singh, 2019).…”