Abstracts

Brown, Caitlin M.; Reisfeld, Brad; Mayeno, Arthur N.

doi:10.1080/03602530802309742

Cited by 21 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 177 publications

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“…In this way, aromatic peroxygenases resemble CPO that was proposed to have different oxidation sites for peroxidatic substrates, competing with the oxygenation site in the heme channel (Manoj and Hager 2008). Therefore the latter and other authors have characterized CPO as ''Janus enzyme'' showing properties both of cytochrome P450 monooxygenases and classic hemeperoxidases (Omura 2005;Ullrich and Hofrichter 2007;Brown et al 2008). The same-and even to a greater extent-applies to APOs, since their oxygenative activities, which include also oxygen transfers to aromatic substrates, are at least as strongly developed as the peroxidative activities (Kluge et al 2007).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Conversion of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, methyl naphthalenes and dibenzofuran by two fungal peroxygenases

2009

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The aim of this work has been to study the substrate specificity of two aromatic peroxygenases concerning polyaromatic compounds of different size and structure as well as to identify the key metabolites of their oxidation. Thus, we report here on new pathways and reactions for 2-methylnaphthalene, 1-methylnaphthalene, dibenzofuran, fluorene, phenanthrene, anthracene and pyrene catalyzed by peroxygenases from Agrocybe aegerita and Coprinellus radians (abbreviated as AaP and CrP). AaP hydroxylated the aromatic rings of all substrates tested at different positions, whereas CrP showed a limited capacity for aromatic ring-hydroxylation and did not hydroxylate phenanthrene but preferably oxygenated fluorene at the non-aromatic C(9)-carbon and methylnaphthalenes at the side chain. The results demonstrate for the first time the broad substrate specificity of fungal peroxygenases for polyaromatic compounds, and they are discussed in terms of their biocatalytic and environmental implications.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Conversion of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, methyl naphthalenes and dibenzofuran by two fungal peroxygenases

2009

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“…(8,9) There are various types of oxysterol in human serum, and they are generated enzymatically (10)(11)(12) and/or through autoxidation by free radicals and reactive oxygen species (ROS). (13) Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4), which is expressed in the liver and small intestine (14) and catalyzes a broad range of compounds, (15) increases the serum concentration of 4β-hydroxycholesterol, (16,17) because this oxysterol has a long half-life in plasma, resulting in stable plasma concentrations. (17) Furthermore, inducer compounds of CYP3A4 also lead to an increase in the amount of 4β-hydroxycholesterol.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Measurement Method for Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4)-mediated Oxidation of Cholesterol in Lipid Membranes

Shoji¹,

Miki²,

Kikkawa³

et al. 2022

Sensors and Materials

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We have developed a measurement method for the cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4)mediated oxidation of cholesterol in lipid membranes. This method is based on the sterolstructural selectivity for the nanopore formation of streptolysin O (SLO) in a lipid membrane. A decrease in the fraction of 4β-hydroxycholesterol in lipid membranes decreased the nanopore forming ability of SLO. The incubation of the liposomes consisting of l-α-phosphatidylcholine (PC), l-α-phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), and cholesterol (0.98:0.02:0.75, mol/mol) with CYP3A4 decreased the nanopore forming ability of SLO, indicating the conversion of cholesterol to 4β-hydroxycholesterol. The change in nanopore forming ability did not occur in the presence of erythromycin, which is an inhibitor of CYP3A4.

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Metabolism of Pharmaceuticals in Plants and Their Associated Microbiota

Sauvêtre

Eichhorn

Pérez

2020

The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry

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With the increasing use of wastewater for irrigation of farmland, and thus the potential uptake and translocation of pharmaceuticals and their metabolites in crops, concerns about food safety are growing. After their uptake, plants are able to metabolize drugs to phase I, phase II, and phase III metabolites. Phase I reactions closely resemble those encountered in human drug metabolism, including oxidations, reductions, and hydrolysis. Phase II reactions, in turn, encompass conjugations with glutathione, carbohydrates, malonic acid, and amino acids. In phase III, these conjugates are transported and stored in the vacuole or bound to the cell wall. Pharmaceutical metabolism in plants has been investigated by using different approaches, namely, the use of whole plants grown in soil or hydroponic cultures, the use of plant tissues, and the incubation of specific plant cell suspensions. While studies relying on whole plants require long growth periods and more complex analytical procedures to isolate and detect metabolites, they constitute more realistic scenarios with the ability to determine site-specific metabolism and the translocation within the plant. The advantage of in vitro studies lies in their rapid setup. Recent advances in plant-microbiota investigations have shown that the plant microbiome modulates the response of the plant towards pharmaceuticals. Rhizospheric and endophytic bacteria can directly contribute to pharmaceutical metabolism and influence plant uptake and translocation of pharmaceuticals and their metabolites. Additionally, they can have beneficial properties for the host, contributing to plant health and fitness. This chapter gives an overview of human and plant drug metabolism followed by a comparison of different models used to identify pharmaceutical metabolites and their metabolic pathways in plants. A description of the mechanisms and reactions originating these metabolites is concisely presented. Finally, the role of the microbiome is critically discussed with examples of synergies between plants and their associated microbiota for pharmaceutical degradation.

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Abstracts

Cited by 21 publications

References 177 publications

Conversion of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, methyl naphthalenes and dibenzofuran by two fungal peroxygenases

Conversion of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, methyl naphthalenes and dibenzofuran by two fungal peroxygenases

A Measurement Method for Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4)-mediated Oxidation of Cholesterol in Lipid Membranes

Metabolism of Pharmaceuticals in Plants and Their Associated Microbiota

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