Abstracts

Cooke, Julian P.; Schibler, Andreas; Bogossian, Fiona; East, Christine

doi:10.1097/pcc.0b013e3182112e80

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Two studies reported data on technical prescribing errors, defined as a failure to complete prescriptions in line with local policy [44, 47]. Five studies did not define “error” [32, 33, 36, 41, 45, 46].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Seven studies in critical care settings utilized prospective chart review methods to explore the prevalence of MPEs. The duration of studies was variable, and ranged from 96 h [36] to 36 weeks [35] with two studies not stating a duration [32, 34]. Six studies used the number of prescriptions observed as their denominator, and the results are summarised in Table 4.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The definitions of MPE differed across these studies, with three studies not stating a definition [32, 33, 36]. Two studies used local definitions [34, 37], one study used Ghaleb’s definition [31], and one study used the definition of MPE proposed by Bates [35].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mapping the prevalence and nature of drug related problems among hospitalised children in the United Kingdom: a systematic review

et al. 2019

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BackgroundProblems arising from medicines usage are recognised as a key patient safety issue. Children are a particular concern, given that they are more likely than adults to experience medication-related harm. While previous reviews have provided an estimate of prevalence in this population, these predate recent developments in the delivery of paediatric care. Hence, there is a need for an updated, focussed and critical review of the prevalence and nature of drug-related problems in hospitalised children in the UK, in order to support the development and targeting of interventions to improve medication safety.MethodsNine electronic databases (Medline, Embase, CINAHL, PsychInfo, IPA, Scopus, HMIC, BNI, The Cochrane library and clinical trial databases) were searched from January 1999 to April 2019. Studies were included if they were based in the UK, reported on the frequency of adverse drug reactions (ADRs), adverse drug events (ADEs) or medication errors (MEs) affecting hospitalised children. Quality appraisal of the studies was also conducted.ResultsIn all, 26 studies were included. There were no studies which specifically reported prevalence of adverse drug events. Two adverse drug reaction studies reported a median prevalence of 25.6% of patients (IQR 21.8–29.9); 79.2% of reactions warranted withdrawal of medication. Sixteen studies reported on prescribing errors (median prevalence 6.5%; IQR 4.7–13.3); of which, the median rate of dose prescribing errors was 11.1% (IQR 2.9–13). Ten studies reported on administration errors with a median prevalence of 16.3% (IQR 6.4–23). Administration technique errors represented 53% (IQR 52.7–67.4) of these errors. Errors detected during medicines reconciliation at hospital admission affected 43% of patients, 23% (Range 20.1–46) of prescribed medication; 70.3% (Range 50–78) were classified as potentially harmful. Medication errors detected during reconciliation on discharge from hospital affected 33% of patients and 19.7% of medicines, with 22% considered potentially harmful. No studies examined the prevalence of monitoring or dispensing errors.ConclusionsChildren are commonly affected by drug-related problems throughout their hospital journey. Given the high prevalence and risk of patient harm,, there is a need for a deeper theoretical understanding of paediatric medication systems to enable more effective interventions to be developed to improve patient safety.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mapping the prevalence and nature of drug related problems among hospitalised children in the United Kingdom: a systematic review

et al. 2019

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Family-centred care for hospitalised children aged 0-12 years

Shields

Zhou

Pratt³

et al. 2012

Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews

157

192

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This update of a review has found limited, moderate-quality evidence that suggests some benefit of a family-centred care intervention for children's clinical care, parental satisfaction, and costs, but this is based on a small dataset and needs confirmation in larger RCTs. There is no evidence of harms. Overall, there continues to be little high-quality quantitative research available about the effects of family-centred care. Further rigorous research on the use of family-centred care as a model for care delivery to children and families in hospitals is needed. This research should implement well-developed family-centred care interventions, ideally in randomised trials. It should investigate diverse participant groups and clinical settings, and should assess a wide range of outcomes for children, parents, staff and health services.

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Acute Bronchial Asthma

et al. 2011

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Acute asthma is the third commonest cause of pediatric emergency visits at PGIMER. Typically, it presents with acute onset respiratory distress and wheeze in a patient with past or family history of similar episodes. The severity of the acute episode of asthma is judged clinically and categorized as mild, moderate and severe. The initial therapy consists of oxygen, inhaled beta-2 agonists (salbutamol or terbutaline), inhaled budesonide (three doses over 1 h, at 20 min interval) in all and ipratropium bromide and systemic steroids (hydrocortisone or methylprednisolone) in acute severe asthma. Other causes of acute onset wheeze and breathing difficulty such as pneumonia, foreign body, cardiac failure etc. should be ruled out with help of chest radiography and appropriate laboratory investigations in first time wheezers and those not responding to 1 h of inhaled therapy. In case of inadequate response or worsening, intravenous infusion of magnesium sulphate, terbutaline or aminophylline may be used. Magnesium sulphate is the safest and most effective alternative among these. Severe cases may need ICU care and rarely, ventilatory support.

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Abstracts

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Mapping the prevalence and nature of drug related problems among hospitalised children in the United Kingdom: a systematic review

Mapping the prevalence and nature of drug related problems among hospitalised children in the United Kingdom: a systematic review

Family-centred care for hospitalised children aged 0-12 years

Acute Bronchial Asthma

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