Absorption, Translocation, and Metabolism of¹⁴C-Glufosinate in Glufosinate-Resistant Corn, Goosegrass (Eleusine indica), Large Crabgrass (Digitaria sanguinalis), and Sicklepod (Senna obtusifolia)

Abstract

Greenhouse studies were conducted to evaluate14C-glufosinate absorption, translocation, and metabolism in glufosinate-resistant corn, goosegrass, large crabgrass, and sicklepod. Glufosinate-resistant corn plants were treated at the four-leaf stage, whereas goosegrass, large crabgrass, and sicklepod were treated at 5, 7.5, and 10 cm, respectively. All plants were harvested at 1, 6, 24, 48, and 72 h after treatment (HAT). Absorption was less than 20% at all harvest intervals for glufosinate-resistant corn, whereas absorption in goosegrass and large crabgrass increased from approximately 20% 1 HAT to 50 and 76%, respectively, 72 HAT. Absorption of14C-glufosinate was greater than 90% 24 HAT in sicklepod. Significant levels of translocation were observed in glufosinate-resistant corn, with14C-glufosinate translocated to the region above the treated leaf and the roots up to 41 and 27%, respectively. No significant translocation was detected in any of the weed species at any harvest timing. Metabolites of14C-glufosinate were detected in glufosinate-resistant corn and all weed species. Seventy percent of14C was attributed to glufosinate metabolites 72 HAT in large crabgrass. Less metabolism was observed for sicklepod, goosegrass, and glufosinate-resistant corn, with metabolites composing less than 45% of detectable radioactivity 72 HAT.

Glufosinate Absorption, Translocation, and Metabolic Fingerprint Effects in gdhA‐Transformed Tobacco

“…These trends are supported by previous research with glufosinate that documented foliar absorption of <20% in other crop and weed species (Steckel et al, 1997;Skora Neto et al, 2000;Hoss et al, 2003;Everman et al, 2009). These trends are supported by previous research with glufosinate that documented foliar absorption of <20% in other crop and weed species (Steckel et al, 1997;Skora Neto et al, 2000;Hoss et al, 2003;Everman et al, 2009).…”

“…These trends are supported by previous research with glufosinate that documented foliar absorption of <20% in other crop and weed species (Steckel et al, 1997;Skora Neto et al, 2000;Hoss et al, 2003;Everman et al, 2009). In some weed species, the extent of sensitivity to glufosinate has been attributed to differences in foliar absorption of glufosinate, with the most sensitive species exhibiting greater foliar absorption rates of glufosinate (Mersey et al, 1990;Steckel et al, 1997;Maschhoff et al, 2000;Everman et al, 2009). to 83% in oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) (Beriault et al, 1999;Pline et al, 1999;Ruhland et al, 2004;Everman et al, 2009).…”

Glufosinate Effects on Nitrogen Nutrition, Growth, Yield, and Seed Composition in Glufosinate-Resistant and Glufosinate-Sensitive Soybean

“…Glufosinate transport in xylem or phloem is limited [1,5,6] thus thorough spray coverage is required for complete kill of targeted weeds. As glufosinate cannot move to underground rhizomes and stolons, the control of perennial weeds is limited.…”

Weed Resistance to Herbicides in the Czech Republic: History, Occurrence, Detection and Management

“…To assess the mechanism of resistance the HPLC methods (Chodová et al, 2009;Massa et al, 2011) and uptake and translocation of radiolabelled herbicides (Everman et al, 2009) are used.…”