Absorption in metallic targets irradiated by 50 ps laser pulses at intensities below 10¹²W/cm²

Effects of laser operating parameters on metals micromachining with ultrafast lasers

“…Of the three metals, Al is the most chemically active one and thus a 30-50 Å thick Al 2 O 3 layer formed on the surface. However, this oxide layer is highly transparent and so thin that reflectivity and ablation behavior will be essentially unaltered [18]. To determine the effects of laser operating parameters, rectangular areas of 200 mm  400 mm and 200 mm  1000 mm were ablated with varying laser parameters, respectively.…”