Absorption and luminescence spectra and energy levels of Nd3+ and Er3+ ions in LiNbO3 crystals

Gabrielyan, V. T.; Kaminskiĭ, A. A.; Li, L.

doi:10.1002/pssa.19700030141

Cited by 90 publications

(18 citation statements)

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“…Energy levels of trivalent erbium in LiNbO3 at 77 K have been reported previously by Gabrielyan et al [3]. The number of crystal-field components found were equal to the theoretically predicted splitting of Er 3 + multiplets.…”

Section: Analysis Of Optical Spectrasupporting

confidence: 53%

“…Literature concerning erbium doped LiNbO3 is not exhaustive. Energy levels of Er 3 + in LiNbO3 have been reported for the first time by Gabrielyan et al [3]. More recently, room temperature luminescence spectra and lifetimes for several excited states of Er 3 + in this matrix have been studied by Babadjanian et al [4], and the Er 3 + lattice sites have been investigated by Kovacs et al [5].…”

Section: Pacsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The number of crystal-field components found were equal to the theoretically predicted splitting of Er 3 + multiplets. Our measurements at 5 K with polarized light made it possible to identify a number of levels in addition to those determined in [3]. It can be seen from Table 1 …”

Section: Analysis Of Optical Spectramentioning

confidence: 98%

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Spectroscopic properties and exicted-state relaxation dynamics of Er3+ in LiNbO3

et al. 1994

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Abstract. Nonequivalent Er 3+ sites in LiNbO3 crystals have been evidenced by low-temperature optical absorption measurements. The radiative transition rates for the 4S3/2, 4F9/2, 419/2, "111/2, and 4/13/2 levels have been evaluated by the Judd-Ofelt method, and the contribution of multiphonon relaxation to the decay of excited states has been estimated. The quantum efficiency of the 4/11/2 level has been estimated to be 6 % only, thus the excitation of levels lower than 4S3/2 is expected to populate efficiently the 4/13/2 level. 78.55.Hx, 42.70.Hj Growing interest in rare earth doped LiNbO3 is stimulated by attempts to endow the sophisticated integrated optics structures based on lithium niobate with the ability to produce and amplify light. The most extensively studied compound is lithium niobate doped with neodymium, particularly after the demonstration that the introduction of MgO into LiNbO3 substantially reduces the photorefractive damage and increases the distribution coefficient of neodymium [1,2]. However, the erbium ion as a dopant seems to be more interesting for telecommunication purposes because of the long lifetime of the 4113/2 level from which an efficient emission at about 1,56 gm occurs. Literature concerning erbium doped LiNbO3 is not exhaustive. Energy levels of Er 3 + in LiNbO3 have been reported for the first time by Gabrielyan et al. [3]. More recently, room temperature luminescence spectra and lifetimes for several excited states of Er 3 + in this matrix have been studied by Babadjanian et al. [4], and the Er 3 + lattice sites have been investigated by Kovacs et al. [5]. In this paper we attempt to determine the dynamics of excited state relaxation and the contribution of radiative and nonradiative transitions to the decay of excited states relevant to laser action in LiNbO3:Er. As in previous published works, we investigate bulk-doped crystals which are not the optimal solution for guided-wave optics, but they can furnish reliable information useful for characterization of locally doped materials. It has been shown recently [6], that the bulk-grown Er 3 +-doped LiNbO3 and locally doped LiNbO3 by diffusion of Er 3+ have essentially the same structural and emission properties. PACS: ExperimentalSingle crystals of LiNbO3 : Er 3 + were grown from a congruent melt (i.e., Li/Nb=0.945) by the Czochralski method. Uniformly doped, good quality crystals have been obtained at a pulling rate of 2 mm/h and rotation rate of 8 r.p.m. Two samples were used in this study. One sample had 1.88x 1019ions/cm 3 and the other had 5.64 x 1019 ions/cm 3 of Er 3+. Examination of samples with an X-ray microprobe indicated that in contrast to neodymium-doped LiNbO3, the actual concentration of erbium at this doping level is essentially the same as the nominal concentration. Absorption spectra were measured with a Varian model 2300 absorption spectrophotometer. Luminescence spectra were excited by an argon-ion laser, analyzed by a grating monochromator (Zeiss, model GDM 1000 or Optel, model M-56, depending on spe...

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Section: Analysis Of Optical Spectrasupporting

confidence: 53%

Section: Pacsmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Spectroscopic properties and exicted-state relaxation dynamics of Er3+ in LiNbO3

et al. 1994

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“…For Er 3 + :LiNbO 3 , the peak absorption occurs at 1532.062 nm for zero field, the inhomogeneous linewidth is 180 GHz, and the transition has an oscillator strength of 1.4 Â 10 À 6 . This material has large crystal field splittings in both the ground and excited state multiplets [22], minimizing decoherence due to phonon scattering at liquid helium temperatures. The large magnetic g-factors of the ground and excited states allow relatively weak magnetic fields to strongly suppress Er 3 + spin flips and the associated spectral diffusion due to Er 3 + À Er 3 + interactions, resulting in excellent coherence properties with homogeneous linewidths as narrow as 2 kHz observed under some conditions [6,7].…”

Section: Materials and Experimental Detailsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical decoherence and persistent spectral hole burning in Er3+:LiNbO3

Thiel

Macfarlane

Böttger

et al. 2010

Journal of Luminescence

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“…It is known from the PDF 24-1080 that Er 3 NbO 7 has a crystal structure [space group: Fm3m (no. 225)] different from the ErNbO 4 and Er-doped LiNbO 3 crystal, which have the respective space groups of I2 and R3c (3m). It can be anticipated that the spectroscopic properties of the Er 3+ ions in the Er 3 NbO 7 may be different from those in the ErNbO 4 powder and the Er-doped LiNbO 3 crystal due to the differences in crystal structure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Absorption and emission characteristics of Er3NbO7 phosphor: A comparison with ErNbO4 phosphor and Er:LiNbO3 single crystal

Zhang

Hua

Cui

et al. 2007

Journal of Luminescence

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Absorption and luminescence spectra and energy levels of Nd3+ and Er3+ ions in LiNbO3 crystals

Abstract: on the occasion of his 65th birthday 3+We studied LiNbOQ crystals activated by Nd3+ and E r ions. The object of study was twofold: namely, to analyze the activator centers formed in this crystal and to obtain fuller information on the scheme of ionic levels. Lithium metaniobate

Cited by 90 publications

References 0 publications

Spectroscopic properties and exicted-state relaxation dynamics of Er3+ in LiNbO3

Spectroscopic properties and exicted-state relaxation dynamics of Er3+ in LiNbO3

Optical decoherence and persistent spectral hole burning in Er3+:LiNbO3

Absorption and emission characteristics of Er3NbO7 phosphor: A comparison with ErNbO4 phosphor and Er:LiNbO3 single crystal

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