Absolute measurement of aspheric lens with electrically tunable lens in digital holography

Wang, Zhaomin; Qu, Weijuan; Fang, Yang; Tian, Anmin; Asundi, Anand

doi:10.1016/j.optlaseng.2016.09.002

Cited by 14 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Aspherical lenses have become increasingly common in industry because of the progress of manufacturing technology; therefore, they are frequently used in medical imaging, optical systems, astrophysics, lithography, automotive, and [104,110] metrology [106]. The broad range of applications in highprecision optical fields demands better techniques for coordinate measurement in manufacturing, designing, and testing aspherical lenses [107,108]. As such, coordinate measurement of an aspherical lens challenges the accuracy of data fusion algorithms used in this process [109].…”

Section: Discussion On Methodology: Test Objectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Applications of data fusion in optical coordinate metrology: a review

Zhang

Catalucci

Thompson

et al. 2022

Int J Adv Manuf Technol

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Data fusion enables the characterisation of an object using multiple datasets collected by various sensors. To improve optical coordinate measurement using data fusion, researchers have proposed numerous algorithmic solutions and methods. The most popular examples are the Gaussian process (GP) and weighted least-squares (WLS) algorithms, which depend on user-defined mathematical models describing the geometric characteristics of the measured object. Existing research on GP and WLS algorithms indicates that GP algorithms have been widely applied in both academia and industry, despite their use being limited to applications on relatively simple geometries. Research on WLS algorithms is less common than research on GP algorithms, as the mathematical tools used in the WLS cases are too simple to be applied with complex geometries. Machine learning is a new technology that is increasingly being applied to data fusion applications. Research on this technology is relatively scarce, but recent work has highlighted the potential of machine learning methods with significant results. Unlike GP and WLS algorithms, machine learning algorithms can autonomously learn the geometrical features of an object. To understand existing research in-depth and explore a path for future work, a new taxonomy of data fusion algorithms is proposed, covering the mathematical background and existing research surrounding each algorithm type. To conclude, the advantages and limitations of the existing methods are reviewed, highlighting the issues related to data quality and the types of test artefacts.

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Section: Discussion On Methodology: Test Objectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Applications of data fusion in optical coordinate metrology: a review

Zhang

Catalucci

Thompson

et al. 2022

Int J Adv Manuf Technol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Tunable optical devices find applications in scenarios where rapid adjustments of focus are necessary, particularly at high frequencies, often in the tens of thousands of Hertz range [54]. Some examples of such applications include depth-scan optical coherence tomography [55], 3D particle tracking [56], surface metrology [57], laser pulse profiling [58], endoscopy [59] and beam steering [60]. In this section, we delve into the potential of DE-VFLR to operate effectively under dynamic loading conditions.…”

Section: Reflector Dynamicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An electromechanically driven dielectric elastomer based tunable reflector

Kashyap,

Agrawal,

Kumar

et al. 2024

Smart Mater. Struct.

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Deformable optics offer numerous advantages over conventional optical assemblies, including compactness, cost-effectiveness, efficiency, and flexibility. This study focuses on a reflector based on Dielectric Elastomer Actuators (DEAs) with an internal fluid (air) coupling. DEAs are a class of electroactive materials adept at accommodating substantial actuation strains and rapid responses. Fluid distributed between the active and passive parts remains entirely enclosed by the device and transmits actuation pneumatically. Dynamic maneuvers conducted through a series of controlled electrical signals demonstrate proper control over optical characteristics. However, DEs exhibit inherent flaws in dynamic actuation, referred to as instabilities, which are mitigated by applying an initial pre-stretch. The study identifies optimal parameters that confer stability to the reflector: minimum to no creep, zero residual vibrations, and low viscous losses. An analytical framework is developed to assess device performance, focusing on the spherical curvature assumption that closely resembles the behavior of tunable spherical reflectors. Additionally, an optical bench setup is employed to demonstrate the relationship between focal length and applied pressure. Notably, this paper underscores the potential of a DE-based variable focal length reflector to function effectively within a dynamic environment.

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“…Due to their compact design, relatively low cost and wide availability, ETLs have been used in combination with a variety of systems, including those with an ophthalmological purpose (e.g. optical coherence tomography platforms; Grulkowski et al, 2018;Tao et al, 2014), endoscopes (Zou et al, 2015), laparoscopes (Qin and Hua, 2016;Volpi et al, 2017), profilometry systems utilising projectors to enable machine vision (Hu et al, 2020;Iwai et al, 2015;Zhong et al, 2020), satellite laser communications (Fogle et al, 2020), cameras (Guo et al, 2017;Miau et al, 2013), digital holography (Sanz et al, 2020;Wang et al, 2017), stealth laser wafer dicing (Lee et al, 2020) and head-mounted 3D displays for virtual-or augmented-reality applications (Chang et al, 2019;Konrad et al, 2016Konrad et al, , 2017Llull et al, 2015;Rathinavel et al, 2018;Shen and Javidi, 2018). The broad applicability and commercial availability of ETLs have favoured their incorporation into microscope systems for high-speed 3D imaging of light-sensitive living specimens, as discussed next.…”

Section: Core Principles Of An Etlmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrically tunable lenses – eliminating mechanical axial movements during high-speed 3D live imaging

Efstathiou

Draviam

2021

Journal of Cell Science

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The successful investigation of photosensitive and dynamic biological events, such as those in a proliferating tissue or a dividing cell, requires non-intervening high-speed imaging techniques. Electrically tunable lenses (ETLs) are liquid lenses possessing shape-changing capabilities that enable rapid axial shifts of the focal plane, in turn achieving acquisition speeds within the millisecond regime. These human-eye-inspired liquid lenses can enable fast focusing and have been applied in a variety of cell biology studies. Here, we review the history, opportunities and challenges underpinning the use of cost-effective high-speed ETLs. Although other, more expensive solutions for three-dimensional imaging in the millisecond regime are available, ETLs continue to be a powerful, yet inexpensive, contender for live-cell microscopy.

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Absolute measurement of aspheric lens with electrically tunable lens in digital holography

Cited by 14 publications

References 28 publications

Applications of data fusion in optical coordinate metrology: a review

Applications of data fusion in optical coordinate metrology: a review

An electromechanically driven dielectric elastomer based tunable reflector

Electrically tunable lenses – eliminating mechanical axial movements during high-speed 3D live imaging

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