Abscisic Acid Signal Transduction

Leung, Jeffrey; Giraudat, Jérôme

doi:10.1146/annurev.arplant.49.1.199

Cited by 1,084 publications

(806 citation statements)

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“…ABA signalling is known to be important in gene responses under osmotic stress [4]. We investigated the possible involvement of ABA in Sus gene expression by two different approaches : (1) by feeding ABA to detached leaves and (2) by using ABAdeficient Arabidopsis mutants in a cold stress experiment.…”

Section: Role Of Aba In Sus Expressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Drought, high salt concentration and cold stresses are all characterized by dehydration and can be classified as water\osmotic stress. It is not yet fully understood how plants can sense osmotic stress, but it is clear that abscisic acid (ABA) is involved in the expression of a number of stress-responsive genes [4]. However, studies conducted on ABA-deficient or ABA-insensitive mutants have indicated that some of these genes are expressed independently of ABA [5,6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sugar/osmoticum levels modulate differential abscisic acid-independent expression of two stress-responsive sucrose synthase genes in Arabidopsis

Déjardin

Sokolov

Kleczkowski

1999

Biochemical Journal

113

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Sucrose synthase (Sus) is a key enzyme of sucrose metabolism. Two Sus-encoding genes (Sus1 and Sus2) from Arabidopsis thaliana were found to be profoundly and differentially regulated in leaves exposed to environmental stresses (cold stress, drought or O2 deficiency). Transcript levels of Sus1 increased on exposure to cold and drought, whereas Sus2 mRNA was induced specifically by O2 deficiency. Both cold and drought exposures induced the accumulation of soluble sugars and caused a decrease in leaf osmotic potential, whereas O2 deficiency was characterized by a nearly complete depletion in sugars. Feeding abscisic acid (ABA) to detached leaves or subjecting Arabidopsis ABA-deficient mutants to cold stress conditions had no effect on the expression profiles of Sus1 or Sus2, whereas feeding metabolizable sugars (sucrose or glucose) or non-metabolizable osmotica [poly(ethylene glycol), sorbitol or mannitol] mimicked the effects of osmotic stress on Sus1 expression in detached leaves. By using various sucrose/mannitol solutions, we demonstrated that Sus1 was up-regulated by a decrease in leaf osmotic potential rather than an increase in sucrose concentration itself. We suggest that Sus1 expression is regulated via an ABA-independent signal transduction pathway that is related to the perception of a decrease in leaf osmotic potential during stresses. In contrast, the expression of Sus2 was independent of sugar/osmoticum effects, suggesting the involvement of a signal transduction mechanism distinct from that regulating Sus1 expression. The differential stress-responsive regulation of Sus genes in leaves might represent part of a general cellular response to the allocation of carbohydrates during acclimation processes.

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Section: Role Of Aba In Sus Expressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sugar/osmoticum levels modulate differential abscisic acid-independent expression of two stress-responsive sucrose synthase genes in Arabidopsis

Déjardin

Sokolov

Kleczkowski

1999

Biochemical Journal

113

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“…In the seed, ABA is thought to regulate several processes during late embryogenesis including the induction of seed dormancy, the accumulation of nutritive reserves and the acquisition of desiccation tolerance. These events are associated with the expression of specific sets of mRNA (Leung and Giraudat, 1998).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vivipary as a tool to analyze late embryogenic events in maize

et al. 2008

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In maize vivipary, the precocious germination of the seed while still attached to the ear, is the diagnostic phenotype of mutants, which are impaired in the biosynthesis or response to abscisic acid (ABA). Of the 15 genes so far described, 12 control specific steps in ABA biosynthesis, two mediate hormone response and one still has an undefined role. We have analyzed a collection of 25 independent vp isolates with the aim of determining the degree of mutational saturation that has so far been reached. Of the 25 viviparous mutants complementation tested, 22 correspond to known loci: six are allelic to vp1, another six to vp5, one to vp7, two to vp9, six to vp10 and one to w3. The remaining three represent genes not previously identified. All mutants so far tested except rea show a decrease in ABA content. As to the only two mutants (vp1 and rea) whose endogenous ABA content is not impaired, the reduction in sensitivity of the double mutant compared to the single ones suggests that the two genes control separate pathways in the ABA signal transduction. Some of the mutants in this collection have a characteristic incomplete germination that allows the embryo of the mature dry seed to resume germination. By exploiting this feature it is possible to infer, through a germination test, whether the mutant has been impaired in the acquisition of desiccation tolerance. This information provides the starting point for the dissection of the genetic basis of desiccation tolerance.

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“…Calcium and/or H 2 O 2 act as second messengers of ABA-induced stomatal closure and gene expression under abiotic stresses (30,31). Transient expression analysis revealed that IP 3 and cyclic ADP ribose (cADPR)-gated calcium channels are involved in ABA-induced cytosolic Ca 2+ oscillations (32).…”

Section: Second Messengersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salt Stress Signaling and Mechanisms of Plant Salt Tolerance

Chinnusamy

Zhu

Genetic Engineering: Principles and Methods

230

151

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INTRODUCTIONSoil salinity of agricultural land has led to the breakdown of ancient civilizations.Even today it threatens agricultural productivity in 77 mha of agricultural land, of which 45 mha (20% of irrigated area) is irrigated and 32 mha (2.1% of dry land) is unirrigated (1). Salinization is further spreading in irrigated land because of improper management of irrigation and drainage. Rain, cyclones and wind also add NaCl into the coastal agricultural land. Soil salinity often leads to the development of other problems in soils such as soil sodicity and alkalinity. Soil sodicity is the result of the binding of Na + to the negatively charged clay particles, which leads to clay swelling and dispersal. Hydrolysis of the Na-clay complex results in soil alkalinity. Thus, soil salinity is a major factor limiting sustainable agriculture.The USDA salinity laboratory defines saline soil as having electrical conductivity of the saturated paste extract (EC e ) of 4 dS m -1 (1 dS m -1 is approximately equal to 10 mM NaCl) or more. High concentrations of soluble salts such as chlorides of sodium, calcium and magnesium contribute to the high electrical conductivity of saline soils.NaCl contributes to most of the soluble salts in saline soil.The development of salinity-tolerant crops is the need of the hour to sustain agricultural production. Conventional breeding programs aimed at improving crop tolerance to salinity have limited success because of the complexity of the trait (2). Slow progress in breeding for salt-tolerant crops can be attributed to the poor understanding of the molecular mechanisms of salt tolerance. Understanding the molecular basis of plant salt tolerance will also help improve drought and extreme-temperature-stress tolerance, since osmotic and oxidative stresses are common to these abiotic stresses. The salt-2 tolerant mechanisms of plants can be broadly described as ion homeostasis, osmotic homeostasis, stress damage control and repair, and growth regulation (3). This chapter reviews recent progress in understanding salt-stress signaling and breeding/genetic engineering for salt -tolerant crops. EFFECT OF SALINITY ON PLANT DEVELOPMENTSalinity affects almost all aspects of plant development, including germination, vegetative growth and reproductive development. Soil salinity imposes ion toxicity, osmotic stress, nutrient (N, Ca, K, P, Fe, Zn) deficiency and oxidative stress on plants.Salinity also indirectly limits plant productivity through its adverse effects on the growth of beneficial and symbiotic microbes. High salt concentrations in soil impose osmotic stress and thus limit water uptake from soil. Sodium accumulation in cell walls can rapidly lead to osmotic stress and cell death (1). Ion toxicity is the result of replacement of K + by Na + in biochemical reactions, and Na + and Cl --induced conformational changes in proteins. For several enzymes, K + acts as cofactor and cannot be substituted by Na + .High K + concentration is also required for binding tRNA to ribosomes and thus protein synt...

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Abscisic Acid Signal Transduction

Cited by 1,084 publications

References 170 publications

Sugar/osmoticum levels modulate differential abscisic acid-independent expression of two stress-responsive sucrose synthase genes in Arabidopsis

Sugar/osmoticum levels modulate differential abscisic acid-independent expression of two stress-responsive sucrose synthase genes in Arabidopsis

Vivipary as a tool to analyze late embryogenic events in maize

Salt Stress Signaling and Mechanisms of Plant Salt Tolerance

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