About Measures to Reduce the Risk of Cyanotoxins Exposure to the Health of Population by Regulating Phosphates in Synthetic Detergents

Abstract

Currently, the environmental problem of the eutrophication of water bodies caused by anthropogenic factors and to the greatest extent pollution by synthetic detergents with a high phosphorus content is becoming increasingly acute. The amount of phosphorus entering the water bodies from synthetic detergents is 95% of its total amount. The rapid development of algae and the «blooming of water» lead to an increase in the population of cyanobacteria capable of releasing toxins that are dangerous to humans, including hepato-, neuro- and cytotoxins. In order to minimize phosphate pollution of water bodies, the world community is actively replacing phosphoruscontaining compounds in synthetic detergents with phosphate-free ones. This was reflected in the proposals of Rospotrebnadzor in terms of toughening the requirements to the content of phosphates in detergents in draft EAEU TR «On the safety of synthetic detergents and household chemical goods», setting them at 0.5%. Manufacturers and regulators in four EAEU States, with the exception of the Republic of Kazakhstan, supported the proposed value. In addition, in order to regulate the cyanotoxin’s content the Russian Register of Potentially Hazardous Chemical and Biological Substances of Rospotrebnadzor recommended setting the microcystin-LR MAC in the water for domestic, drinking and cultural purposes and drinking water at a level of 0.001 mg/L, a limiting indicator of harmfulness - sanitary-toxicological, hazard class 1.