Abomasal and Third Compartment Ulcers in Ruminants and South American Camelids

Clinical and laboratory findings in 60 cows with type-3 abomasal ulcer

“…9 Prevailing stressors at this stage include the movement from the dry-cow pen to the lactating group, 16,23 a ration change that favours the increased production of volatile fatty acids, 26 the start of lactation and a variety of typical postpartum disorders such as periparturient paresis, metritis, displaced abomasum, fatty liver syndrome, ketosis and other conditions. 20 Indeed, 86% of the cows of the present study had one or more concomitant diseases, of which left and right displaced abomasum were the most common, occurring in 38 (63%) cows. Abomasal ulcer should therefore be ruled out in cows in which displaced abomasum is accompanied by clinical signs of peritonitis.…”

“…10,17,21,22,27 Of 145 cows with type-2 ulcer, which is associated with severe haemorrhage, 36% were diagnosed in the first four weeks of lactation. 8 A recent review of ulcerogenic factors 19,20 concluded that they consist of various stressors that act on cows in addition to the stress that surrounds parturition causing increased secretion of cortisol, hydrochloric acid and pepsin and decreased secretion of prostaglandin E. 19,20 Owners of cows that had been slaughtered and diagnosed with abomasal ulcers were unable to identify definitive causative factors. 18 The stress level acting on healthy cows during late pregnancy and the first month of lactation could be substantiated based on increased hair cortisol concentrations at the time of parturition 4, 9 and three weeks later.…”

Fístula cutánea secundaria a úlcera de abomaso de una cabra

“…Tipo 3: Úlcera perforante con peritonitis local. Tipo 4: Úlcera perforante con peritonitis difusa (7,8,9,10).…”

“…Al no haber suficiente moco y bicarbonato, el ácido clorhídrico se pone en contacto con la mucosa abomasal ocasionando su daño. Dependiendo de la gravedad del contacto se va a presentar cualquiera de los cuatro tipos de úlcera que se mencionaron anteriormente (8,10,11). Otras causas que pueden llevar al desarrollo de una úlcera abomasal incluyen: cambios bruscos de la dieta, la proliferación de bacterias en el intestino y la abrasión de la mucosa por fibras del alimento y deficiencias de minerales (12,13,14).…”

“…El diagnóstico de las úlceras abomasales se realiza por la suma de anamnesis, signos clínicos, hallazgos de necropsia, examen físico, y exámenes paraclínicos como: radiografía, ecografía de la cavidad abdominal ventral, endoscopia, laparotomía, parámetros hematológicos, concentración de pepsinógeno y gastrina en sangre, y por la implementación del tratamiento específico, que en el caso de tener una evolución satisfactoria confirmara el cuadro clínico (8).…”