ABO Blood Group is Associated with COVID-19 Susceptibility: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Ikeagwulonu, Richard Chinaza; Ezeonu, Chinonyelum Thecla; Uchejeso, Obeta M.; Ugwu, Ngozi Immaculata; Etukudoh, Nkereuwem Sunday; Uro-Chukwu, Henry Chukwuemeka; Akamike, Ifeyinwa Chizoba; Ikeagwulonu, Z C

doi:10.53986/ibjm.2021.0012

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…CRP concertation has a history of being associated with the severity of viral infections such as H1N1 influenza pneumonia (7), and has been pointed out early-on as a severity indicator of COVID-19 as shown in a systemic review by Ikeagwulonu et al (8) which included 61 studies with a total of 13891 COVID-19 patients, demonstrating that severe cases had constantly higher levels of CRP compared to mild cases, and that the increase in C-reactive protein was statistically significant in 78.7% of the cases included.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

C-Reactive Protein (CRP): A poor prognostic biomarker in COVID-19

Bouayed¹,

Laaribi²,

Chatar³

et al. 2022

Front. Immunol.

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IntroductionThe COVID-19 pandemic continues to be rampant with considerable morbidity and mortality worldwide since its emergence in December 2019. Several studies have focused on identifying different predictive factors of poor prognosis, including biological markers, such as C Reactive Protein among others. The objective of our work was to determine whether the CRP levels on admission to the intensive care unit are predictive of an unfavorable evolution of patients with COVID-19 through the experience of the Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit of the University Hospital of Oujda and to compare our results with those reported in the literature.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective, monocentric, descriptive and analytical study in the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care of the Mohammed VI University Hospital of Oujda, Morocco, between March 2020 and October 2021, including all critically ill patients admitted to the department during this period and meeting the inclusion criteria. The baseline admission CRP value was arbitrarily set at 100mg/d, thus conditioning the division of our patients into two groups (group 1: CRP < 100mg/L, group 2: CRP ≥ 100mg/L).ResultsAmong our 1035 included patients, 291 patients with had a CRP<100mlg/L (group 1) and 744 presented a CRP level equal or superior to 100mg/L (group 2). Lung parenchymal involvement was more severe or even critical (CT involvement > 75%) in group 2 (60.8%) compared to group 1 (39.2%). In group 2, 79.8% of patients were mechanically ventilated, compared to 20.2% of patients in group 1. Finally, the mortality rate in patients with a CRP ≥ 100mg/l was 77.4%, compared with 22.6% for patients with a CRP < 100mg/l. These findings are all statistically highly significant (p<0.001)ConclusionGiven the high contagiousness of the virus and the emergence of several variants, the management of the COVID-19 pandemic has focused more on prevention through vaccination against the virus, but also on an early identification of patients likely to evolve unfavorably for a personalized management.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

C-Reactive Protein (CRP): A poor prognostic biomarker in COVID-19

Bouayed¹,

Laaribi²,

Chatar³

et al. 2022

Front. Immunol.

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“…Striking similarities to these obesity-related inflammatory traits can also be observed in SARS-CoV-2-infected patients. In COVID-19, IL-6, CRP, and LPS levels are elevated and associated with adverse clinical outcomes [19][20][21]. Severe COVID-19 is characterised by an increased neutrophil count and lymphocyte depletion, and the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio positively correlates with disease severity [22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adipokines as Diagnostic and Prognostic Markers for the Severity of COVID-19

Grewal

Buechler

2023

Biomedicines

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Accumulating evidence implicates obesity as a risk factor for increased severity of disease outcomes in patients infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Obesity is associated with adipose tissue dysfunction, which not only predisposes individuals to metabolic complications, but also substantially contributes to low-grade systemic inflammation, altered immune cell composition, and compromised immune function. This seems to impact the susceptibility and outcome of diseases caused by viruses, as obese people appear more vulnerable to developing infections and they recover later from infectious diseases than normal-weight individuals. Based on these findings, increased efforts to identify suitable diagnostic and prognostic markers in obese Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients to predict disease outcomes have been made. This includes the analysis of cytokines secreted from adipose tissues (adipokines), which have multiple regulatory functions in the body; for instance, modulating insulin sensitivity, blood pressure, lipid metabolism, appetite, and fertility. Most relevant in the context of viral infections, adipokines also influence the immune cell number, with consequences for overall immune cell activity and function. Hence, the analysis of the circulating levels of diverse adipokines in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 have been considered to reveal diagnostic and prognostic COVID-19 markers. This review article summarizes the findings aimed to correlate the circulating levels of adipokines with progression and disease outcomes of COVID-19. Several studies provided insights on chemerin, adiponectin, leptin, resistin, and galectin-3 levels in SARS-CoV-2-infected patients, while limited information is yet available on the adipokines apelin and visfatin in COVID-19. Altogether, current evidence points at circulating galectin-3 and resistin levels being of diagnostic and prognostic value in COVID-19 disease.

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“…Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is a more recent cause of sepsis, and patients often develop pneumonia, which may progress to acute respiratory distress syndrome [3,4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the Relationship between Plasma Adiponectin, Gender, and Underlying Diseases in Severe Illness

Mester,

Räth,

Schmid

et al. 2023

Biomedicines

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Adiponectin is low in obesity, plays a crucial role in metabolic health, and, moreover, possesses immunoregulatory properties. However, studies examining its levels in patients with systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) or sepsis have yielded conflicting results. While females typically have higher systemic adiponectin levels than males, research on sex-specific associations in this context is limited. In this study of 156 SIRS/sepsis patients, including those with liver cirrhosis, we aimed to explore the relationship between plasma adiponectin, body mass index (BMI), gender, disease severity, and underlying etiological conditions. Our findings revealed that patients with liver cirrhosis, who are susceptible to infections, exhibited elevated circulating adiponectin levels, irrespective of sex. When excluding cirrhosis patients, plasma adiponectin levels were similar between male SIRS/sepsis patients and controls but lower in female patients compared to female controls. Plasma adiponectin was inversely related to BMI in female but not male patients. Further analysis within the non-cirrhosis subgroup demonstrated no significant differences in adiponectin levels between sexes among SIRS, sepsis, and septic shock patients. Ventilation, dialysis, and vasopressor therapy had no discernible impact on adiponectin levels in either sex. A negative correlation between adiponectin and C-reactive protein (CRP) existed in males only. Notably, patients with pancreatitis showed the lowest plasma adiponectin concentrations, although sex-specific differences were not significant. Infection with Gram-negative or Gram-positive bacteria had minimal effects on plasma adiponectin levels in both sexes. However, infection with the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 led to decreased adiponectin levels in females exclusively. Multivariate analysis considering all factors affecting plasma adiponectin levels in males or females identified BMI in females and CRP levels in males to predict plasma adiponectin levels in SIRS/sepsis patients. Additionally, our study observed a trend where the 25 patients who did not survive had higher plasma adiponectin levels, particularly among males. In summary, our investigation highlights the influence of underlying diseases and sex on plasma adiponectin levels in SIRS/sepsis patients, shedding light on potential implications for disease management and prognosis.

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ABO Blood Group is Associated with COVID-19 Susceptibility: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Cited by 7 publications

References 35 publications

C-Reactive Protein (CRP): A poor prognostic biomarker in COVID-19

C-Reactive Protein (CRP): A poor prognostic biomarker in COVID-19

Adipokines as Diagnostic and Prognostic Markers for the Severity of COVID-19

Exploring the Relationship between Plasma Adiponectin, Gender, and Underlying Diseases in Severe Illness

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