Adipokines as Diagnostic and Prognostic Markers for the Severity of COVID-19

Grewal, Thomas; Buechler, Christa

doi:10.3390/biomedicines11051302

Cited by 10 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 169 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In agreement, Grewal and Buechler demonstrated that adipokines, mainly leptin, resistin and galectin-3, are closely involved in peripheral monocytes and neutrophil responses, which contributes to complications during the course of COVID-19 in patients with obesity. The authors also highlight that the overall inflammation in severe cases, as observed by routine markers, masks obesity-related inflammatory processes, which hampers treatment efficacy [ 10 ]. Therefore, despite comparable disease severity between COVID-19 groups, these observations indicate that patients with obesity have a distinct innate immunophenotype in severe COVID-19 that should be explored as biomarkers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We also highlighted several surface receptors related to effector responses strongly and exclusively associated with clinical markers in patients with obesity. These phenotypes can help in monitoring in-hospital patients with obesity, since flow cytometry has become useful in clinical practice, for therapeutic decisions and vaccine development [ 10 , 53 , 55 , 57 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, evidence has shown the heterogeneity of the immune response in severe COVID-19, which can exhibit hyperinflammatory and/or immunosuppressive phenotypes in effector cells [ 2 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 ]. Limited studies have suggested that this altered innate immune response seems to be patient-dependent [ 2 ] and the different outcomes of SARS-CoV-2 infection may be influenced by preexisting comorbidities [ 8 , 9 , 10 ]. Thus, the detection of biomarkers and severity-related immunological alterations are being studied to improve treatments, especially in groups adversely affected by infection with COVID-19, such as patients with obesity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Obesity in Severe COVID-19 Patients Has a Distinct Innate Immune Phenotype

et al. 2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Obesity alters the capacity of effective immune responses in infections. To further address this phenomenon in the context of COVID-19, this study investigated how the immunophenotype of leukocytes was altered in individuals with obesity in severe COVID-19. This cross-sectional study enrolled 27 ICU COVID-19 patients (67% women, 56.33 ± 19.55 years) that were assigned to obese (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2, n = 9) or non-obese (BMI < 30kg/m2, n = 18) groups. Monocytes, NK, and both Low-Density (LD) and High-Density (HD) neutrophils were isolated from peripheral blood samples, and surface receptors’ frequency and expression patterns were analyzed by flow cytometry. Clinical status and biochemical data were additionally evaluated. The frequency of monocytes was negatively correlated with BMI, while NK cells and HD neutrophils were positively associated (p < 0.05). Patients with obesity showed a significant reduction of monocytes, and these cells expressed high levels of PD-L1 (p < 0.05). A higher frequency of NK cells and increased expression of TREM-1+ on HD neutrophils were detected in obese patients (p < 0.05). The expression of receptors related to antigen-presentation, phagocytosis, chemotaxis, inflammation and suppression were strongly correlated with clinical markers only in obese patients (p < 0.05). Collectively, these outcomes revealed that obesity differentially affected, and largely depressed, innate immune response in severe COVID-19.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Obesity in Severe COVID-19 Patients Has a Distinct Innate Immune Phenotype

et al. 2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Collectively, adipokines may play a crucial role in pulmonary diseases, particularly in the context of inflammatory disorders, malignancies, and interstitial lung diseases. However, the associations between adipokines and interstitial lung disease (ILD) [ 4 ], asthma [ 5 ], chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) [ 6 ], lung cancer [ 7 ], tuberculosis [ 8 ], sleep apnea syndrome (SAS) [ 9 ], and pneumonia [ 10 ] remain unclear. Causality cannot be deduced from the existing evidence.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The association between adipokines and pulmonary diseases: a mendelian randomization study

Wu,

Wang,

Wang

et al. 2024

BMC Pulm Med

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background The role of adipokines in the development of lung diseases is significant, yet their specific relationship with different lung diseases remains unclear. Methods In our research, we analyzed genetic variations associated with adipokines and various lung conditions such as interstitial lung disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, lung cancer, sleep apnea, pneumonia, and tuberculosis, using data from public genome-wide studies. We employed Mendelian randomization techniques, including inverse variance weighting, weighted median, and MR-Egger regression methods, and conducted sensitivity checks to validate our findings. Results A study using the FinnGen database, which included 198,955 participants, identified 13 SNPs associated with adiponectin. Notably, adiponectin was found to significantly reduce the risk of interstitial lung disease and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. However, little evidence was found to establish a direct cause-effect relationship between the six adipokines and several other lung conditions, including sarcoidosis, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, lung cancer, tuberculosis, pneumonia, and sleep apnea syndrome. Conclusion This study reveals a reverse link between adiponectin levels and the likelihood of interstitial lung disease, including idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.

show abstract

“…Recent investigations revealed new diagnostic biomarkers of the disease, such as mid-regional pro-adrenomedullin [2,3], monocyte distribution width [4,5], electrolyte imbalances [6], pentameric C-reactive protein [7], and pentraxin-3 [8,9]. Also, several recent studies provided insights on adipokines (chemerin, adiponectin, leptin, apelin, visfatin, resistin, galectin-3) as diagnostic and prognostic markers for the severity of COVID-19 [10,11]. Despite the vast volumes of existing evidence, several gaps exist in our understanding of COVID-19 biomarkers, and the pathophysiological basis on which these markers can foretell prognosis in COVID-19 remains poorly understood.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Searching for New Biomarkers to Assess COVID-19 Patients: A Pilot Study

Goncharov,

Avdonin,

Voitenko

et al. 2023

Metabolites

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

During the initial diagnosis of urgent medical conditions, which include acute infectious diseases, it is important to assess the severity of the patient’s clinical state as quickly as possible. Unlike individual biochemical or physiological indicators, derived indices make it possible to better characterize a complex syndrome as a set of symptoms, and therefore quickly take a set of adequate measures. Recently, we reported on novel diagnostic indices containing butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) activity, which is decreased in COVID-19 patients. Also, in these patients, the secretion of von Willebrand factor (vWF) increases, which leads to thrombosis in the microvascular bed. The objective of this study was the determination of the concentration and activity of vWF in patients with COVID-19, and the search for new diagnostic indices. One of the main objectives was to compare the prognostic values of some individual and newly derived indices. Patients with COVID-19 were retrospectively divided into two groups: survivors (n = 77) and deceased (n = 24). According to clinical symptoms and computed tomography (CT) results, the course of disease was predominantly moderate in severity. The first blood sample (first point) was taken upon admission to the hospital, the second sample (second point)—within 4–6 days after admission. Along with the standard spectrum of biochemical indicators, BChE activity (BChEa or BChEb for acetylthiocholin or butyrylthiocholin, respectively), malondialdehyde (MDA), and vWF analysis (its antigen level, AGFW, and its activity, ActWF) were determined and new diagnostic indices were derived. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, and area under the receiver operating curve (AUC), as well as Likelihood ratio (LR) and Odds ratio (OR) were calculated. The level of vWF antigen in the deceased group was 1.5-fold higher than the level in the group of survivors. Indices that include vWF antigen levels are superior to indices using vWF activity. It was found that the index [Urea] × [AGWF] × 1000/(BChEb × [ALB]) had the best discriminatory power to predict COVID-19 mortality (AUC = 0.91 [0.83, 1.00], p < 0.0001; OR = 72.0 [7.5, 689], p = 0.0002). In addition, [Urea] × 1000/(BChEb × [ALB]) was a good predictor of mortality (AUC = 0.95 [0.89, 1.00], p < 0.0001; OR = 31.5 [3.4, 293], p = 0.0024). The index [Urea] × [AGWF] × 1000/(BChEb × [ALB]) was the best predictor of mortality associated with COVID-19 infection, followed by [Urea] × 1000/(BChEb × [ALB]). After validation in a subsequent cohort, these two indices could be recommended for diagnostic laboratories.

show abstract

Adipokines as Diagnostic and Prognostic Markers for the Severity of COVID-19

Cited by 10 publications

References 169 publications

Obesity in Severe COVID-19 Patients Has a Distinct Innate Immune Phenotype

Obesity in Severe COVID-19 Patients Has a Distinct Innate Immune Phenotype

The association between adipokines and pulmonary diseases: a mendelian randomization study

Searching for New Biomarkers to Assess COVID-19 Patients: A Pilot Study

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About