Abnormal wave propagation in passive media

Mojahedi, Mo; Malloy, K.J.; Eleftheriades, George V.; Woodley, J.; Chiao, Raymond Y.

doi:10.1109/jstqe.2002.807971

Cited by 69 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Some aspects of the connection between Einstein causality and the sign of the refractive index have been discussed previously [7,8]. Here we show that a standard analysis of causal wave-propagation, as first discussed by Sommerfeld and Brillouin [9], reveals that the real part of the refractive index, Re[ n(ω)], may in principle be of either sign for a LHM.…”

supporting

confidence: 57%

Negative Refraction at Optical Frequencies in Nonmagnetic Two-Component Molecular Media

2005

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The sign of the refractive index of any medium is soley determined by the requirement that the propagation of an electromagnetic wave obeys Einstein causality. Our analysis shows that this requirement predicts that the real part of the refractive index may be negative in an isotropic medium even if the electric permittivity and the magnetic permeability are both positive. Such a system may be a route to negative index media at optical frequencies. We also demonstrate that the refractive index may be positive in left-handed media that contain two molecular species where one is in its excited state.PACS numbers: 41.20.Jb,78.20.Ci,42.25.Fx In 1968 Veselago [1] considered the electrodynamic properties of isotropic media where the real part of the electric permittivity ǫ and the real part of the magnetic permeability µ are simultaneously negative. Veselago showed that if ǫ, µ < 0 then the electric field E, the magnetizing field H and the wave-vector k form a lefthanded orthogonal set, contrary to all known naturallyoccurring materials where the triplet of these vectors is right-handed. Media with both negative electric permittivity and magnetic permeability are referred to as left-handed materials (LHM) at the frequencies for which ǫ, µ < 0.A consequence of simultaneously negative ǫ and µ is that the Poynting vector S = E × H and the wave-vector k = (ω/|E|2 )E × B point in opposite directions for a monochromatic plane wave with angular frequency ω, as here the direction of the magnetic field necessarily opposes that of the magnetizing field, B = µH [1]. Veselago argued that the direction of the energy flow (S) must point away from its source and thereby reached the surprising conclusion that in LHM the wave-vector points toward the source [1]. This in turn lead to the prediction that LHM exhibit a negative refractive index, as well as reversed Doppler and Cherenkov effects [1].No naturally-occurring isotropic material is known to have ǫ, µ < 0 at the same frequency, since the underlying polarizabilities and magnetizabilities, in general, exhibit different frequency responses (resonances). Pendry et al. thus [2] suggested that structures containing metal strips and split-ring resonators could be engineered such that both ǫ and µ are negative at microwave frequencies. Shelby et al. [3] subsequently reported the observation of negative refraction at 10.5 GHz in a left-handed metamaterial. There are to date no experimental reports of homogeneous, isotropic media that exhibit a negative refractive index at optical frequencies. We note that neither photonic crystals [4,5], nor birefringent crystal assemblies [6] are isotropic and can therefore not be characterized by a single, scalar refractive index.

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confidence: 57%

Negative Refraction at Optical Frequencies in Nonmagnetic Two-Component Molecular Media

2005

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“…no energy can come out of the circuit before input energy going into the circuit. A more intuitive explanation is through the mathematical meaning of an analytic smooth pulse [13] like the Gaussian pulse, which is approximated in the experiments. An analytic smooth function is (infinitely) differentiable, and hence able to be expressed in a Taylor's expansion.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pulse Transmission across a Single Optical Ring-Resonator with Negative Group Velocity: Theory and Experiment

Uranus

Zhuang

Roeloffzen

et al. 2008

2008 IEEE PhotonicsGlobal@Singapore

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“…As predicted in 1968 by Veselago [1] and after the pioneering work of Smith [10] demonstrated by a large number of experimental studies, backward propagation can be observed in Double Negative (DNG) media, whilst more recently it has been demonstrated that metamaterials supporting superluminal propagation can be also designed [3][4][5][6][7][8][9]11].…”

Section: The Negative Group Velocity Phenomenonmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Theoretical and experimental studies have been produced which demonstrate that an appropriate design of these media allows to achieve unusual dispersion characteristics such those corresponding to backward or superluminal propagation [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16]; this opens up new perspectives for the so called 'dispersion engineering', i.e., the engineering science dealing with "the design of new classes of materials with novel and counterintuitive dispersive effects" [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%