Abnormal p53 Immunohistochemical Patterns Shed Light on the Aggressiveness of Oral Epithelial Dysplasia

Novack, Rachel; Zhang, Lewei; Hoang, Lynn; Kadhim, Mohamad; Ng, Tony; Poh, Catherine F.; Ko, Yen Chen Kevin

doi:10.1016/j.modpat.2023.100153

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…18 Kamat et al 19 suggested that p53 expression status in oral carcinoma can be used to identify the chances of developing local recurrence as well as to predict survival outcomes. Novack et al 20 reported that p53 expression was abnormal in oral epithelial dysplasia. The p53 mutation is associated with decreased survival and resistance to chemotherapy in oral carcinoma patients.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ursolic Acid-Loaded Chitosan Nanoparticles Modulate the Expression Pattern of Apoptotic Markers Towards Oral Tumour Inhibition in Golden Syrian Hamsters

2023

TJNPR

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Oral cancer is an aggressive life-threatening cancer that causes a severe health burden and high mortality around the globe. Oral cancer affects approximately 0.4 million people every year globally. Tobacco and alcohol abuse are pointed out as potent oral carcinoma risk factors. 1 Oral carcinoma frequently arises on lips, gums, tongue, palates and salivary glands. The treatment of oral carcinoma still faces significant difficulties because of its rapid progression, resistance to drugs, and lack of response, despite advancements in oral cancer treatments such as targeted therapy, gene therapy, and therapy with potent chemotherapeutic drugs. Early detection, prevention and early treatment can significantly improve oral cancer patients' life quality. 2,3 Cells with potentially harmful mutations are eliminated by apoptosis, an ordered and coordinated sequential process. Cancer cells avoid apoptosis by interfering with the actions of pro-apoptotic and antiapoptotic proteins. A defect in the apoptotic mechanism would result in uncontrollable and abnormal growth of cells that ultimately leads to the formation of a tumor. Cellular apoptosis has been aberrantly dysregulated at various stages of oral squamous cell carcinoma. 4,5

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ursolic Acid-Loaded Chitosan Nanoparticles Modulate the Expression Pattern of Apoptotic Markers Towards Oral Tumour Inhibition in Golden Syrian Hamsters

2023

TJNPR

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“…12,13 Cytologic and architectural features of squamous dysplasia overlap with inflammatory conditions such that the distinction between low-grade dysplasia and reactive atypia is unreliable and highly susceptible to interobserver and intraobserver variability (case 2). 14,15 The distinction between a micropapillary thyroid carcinoma with a follicular architecture and a small noninvasive follicular thyroid neoplasms with papillary-like nuclear atypia is more semantical than biological or clinical (case 4). 16 On the basis of a limited but meaningful experience of consult cases, the resolution of DP does not contribute to diagnostic error even in the context of a practice highly concentrated with difficult cases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, recognition of invasion in a biopsy of an atypical verrucous proliferation can be extremely idiosyncratic (case 1) 12,13 . Cytologic and architectural features of squamous dysplasia overlap with inflammatory conditions such that the distinction between low-grade dysplasia and reactive atypia is unreliable and highly susceptible to interobserver and intraobserver variability (case 2) 14,15 . The distinction between a micropapillary thyroid carcinoma with a follicular architecture and a small noninvasive follicular thyroid neoplasms with papillary-like nuclear atypia is more semantical than biological or clinical (case 4) 16 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Digital Pathology is a Fast and Effective Platform for Providing Head and Neck Pathology Consultations

Liu,

Haghighi,

Westra

2024

American Journal of Surgical Pathology

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Surgical pathology of the head and neck is one of the more challenging areas in all of diagnostic pathology. Its unparalleled diversity and complexity renders it highly vulnerable to diagnostic error compelling unconstrained access to specialized diagnostic expertise. Digital pathology (DP) is a state-of-the-art tool that could facilitate access to specialized expertise, but it is relatively untested in the context of pathology consultations. In a collaboration between Labcorp Dianon and a large academic hospital with subspecialized surgical pathology, DP was implemented to provide the pathology community access to head and neck pathology expertise. From this collaborative experience, glass slides from consecutive consult cases that had been previously diagnosed using DP were reviewed by an expert consultant in a blinded manner following an extended wash-out period. The intraobserver discrepancy rate was recorded. Major discrepancies were defined as those resulting in significant impact on clinical management and/or prognosis, whereas minor discrepancies were those with no impact on care or prognosis. Slides from 57 cases were available for review. The average wash-out period was 19 months. Five discrepancies were recorded (intraobserver concordance rate of 91%). All discrepancies were minor (major discrepancy rate, 0%; minor discrepancy rate, 9%). On appraisal of the discrepant cases, discordant diagnoses were attributed to subjective differences in interpretation rather than objective differences related to the inferiority of DP. DP decreased the median turnaround time by 97% (from 70 h 26 min to 2 h 25 min). DP provides efficient and fast access to expert consultants. The speed of case delivery does not compromise diagnostic precision. Discrepancies are uncommon, minor, and reflect subjective interpretative differences inherent to difficult and ambiguous head and neck cases, and not the inferiority of DP as a diagnostic platform. High concordance can be achieved even for those difficult and complex cases that are concentrated in the consultation practice. This observation carries profound implications regarding universal health care access to specialized diagnostic expertise.

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Immunophenotypic and Gene Expression Analyses of the Inflammatory Microenvironment in High-Grade Oral Epithelial Dysplasia and Oral Lichen Planus

Flores-Hidalgo,

Phero,

Steward-Tharp

et al. 2024

Head and Neck Pathol

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Background Oral lichen planus (OLP) and oral epithelial dysplasia (OED) present diagnostic challenges due to clinical and histologic overlap. This study explores the immune microenvironment in OED, hypothesizing that immune signatures could aid in diagnostic differentiation and predict malignant transformation. Methods Tissue samples from OED and OLP cases were analyzed using immunofluorescence/immunohistochemistry (IF/IHC) for CD4, CD8, CD163/STAT1, and PD-1/PDL-1 expression. RNA-sequencing was performed on the samples, and data was subjected to CIBERSORTx analysis for immune cell composition. Gene Ontology analysis on the immune differentially expressed genes was also conducted. Results In OED, CD8 + T-cells infiltrated dysplastic epithelium, correlating with dysplasia severity. CD4 + lymphocytes increased in the basal layer. STAT1/CD163 + macrophages correlated with CD4 + intraepithelial distribution. PD-1/PDL-1 expression varied. IF/IHC analysis revealed differential immune cell composition between OED and OLP. RNA-sequencing identified upregulated genes associated with cytotoxic response and immunosurveillance in OED. Downregulated genes were linked to signaling, immune cell recruitment, and tumor suppression. Conclusions The immune microenvironment distinguishes OED and OLP, suggesting diagnostic potential. Upregulated genes indicate cytotoxic immune response in OED. Downregulation of TRADD, CX3CL1, and ILI24 implies dysregulation in TNFR1 signaling, immune recruitment, and tumor suppression. This study contributes to the foundation for understanding immune interactions in OED and OLP, offering insights into future objective diagnostic avenues.

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Abnormal p53 Immunohistochemical Patterns Shed Light on the Aggressiveness of Oral Epithelial Dysplasia

Cited by 8 publications

References 39 publications

Ursolic Acid-Loaded Chitosan Nanoparticles Modulate the Expression Pattern of Apoptotic Markers Towards Oral Tumour Inhibition in Golden Syrian Hamsters

Ursolic Acid-Loaded Chitosan Nanoparticles Modulate the Expression Pattern of Apoptotic Markers Towards Oral Tumour Inhibition in Golden Syrian Hamsters

Digital Pathology is a Fast and Effective Platform for Providing Head and Neck Pathology Consultations

Immunophenotypic and Gene Expression Analyses of the Inflammatory Microenvironment in High-Grade Oral Epithelial Dysplasia and Oral Lichen Planus

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