Abnormal HDL subclasses distribution in overweight children with insulin resistance or type 2 diabetes mellitus

Altered Flow-Mediated Vasodilatation, Low Paraoxonase-1 Activity, and Abnormal High-Density Lipoprotein Subclass Distribution in Takayasu's Arteritis

“…So far, there is not a clear physiological link between HDL concentration, HDL subclass and LVM; it has been suggested that insulin resistance is the key factor that induces both LV hypertrophy and low HDL-C. 43 Moreover, we have formerly demonstrated that insulin resistance induces an abnormal HDL size distribution. 44 As a consequence, the necessity for a future study designed to analyze the insulin sensitivity of TA patients seems to be sufficiently supported by these results.…”

High-density lipoprotein subspecies between patients with type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes without / with intensive insulin therapy

“…Our literature review on HDL-C subspecies indicated that HDL3-C levels are much higher than HDL2-C levels in non-diabetic populations [6,11], and that HDL2-C levels are substantially reduced in diabetic populations [6,9] in Western countries. The relatively low ratio of HDL2-C to HDL3-C might explain the higher incidence of CHD in Western populations compared to that in the Japanese population.…”

“…While several studies have demonstrated significantly reduced HDL2-C levels in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) [6,9], few reports have been published on the difference of treatment on HDL subspecies. To our knowledge, there are no reports directly comparing HDL subspecies between insulin-treated T1D and T2D.…”

Enzymatic assessment of cholesterol on electrophoresis gels for estimating HDL size distribution and plasma concentrations of HDL subclasses

“…In this context, another advantage of our new enzymatic method for cholesterol staining on electrophoresis gel is the possibility to generate quantitative results for HDL subclasses. The polyacrylamide gradient gel for the estimation of HDL subclasses has been described as a semiquantitative method ( 17 ), and the relative proportions obtained by this method are interdependent, i.e., when one HDL subclass increases, the others decrease ( 15,17,23 ). This interdependence could be considered one of the most important limitations of the quantifi cation of HDL subclasses by PAGE.…”