Abiotic and Biotic Elicitors–Role in Secondary Metabolites Production through In Vitro Culture of Medicinal Plants

Abstract

Plant secondary metabolites are having the great application in human health and nutritional aspect. Plant cell and organ culture systems are feasible option for the production of secondary metabolites that are of commercial importance in pharmaceuticals, food additives, flavors, and other industrial materials. The stress, including various elicitors or signal molecules, often induces the secondary metabolite production in the plant tissue culture system. The recent developments in elicitation of plant tissue culture have opened a new avenue for the production of secondary metabolite compounds. Secondary metabolite synthesis and accumulation in cell and organ cultures can be triggered by the application of elicitors to the culture medium. Elicitors are the chemical compounds from abiotic and biotic sources that can stimulate stress responses in plants, leading to the enhanced synthesis and accumulation of secondary metabolites or the induction of novel secondary metabolites. Elicitor type, dose, and treatment schedule are major factors determining the effects on the secondary metabolite production. The number of parameters, such as elicitor concentrations, duration of exposure, cell line, nutrient composition, and age or stage of the culture, is also important factors influencing the successful production of biomass and secondary metabolite accumulation. This chapter reviews the various abiotic and biotic elicitors applied to cultural system and their stimulating effects on the accumulation of secondary metabolites.

Salicylic acid‐enhanced biosynthesis of pharmacologically important lignans and neo lignans in cell suspension culture of Linum ussitatsimum L

“…This platform is offering several advantages over conventional production practices of these plant species . Plant cell culture is widely acknowledged and accepted for biosynthesis of plant derived‐BAIs at commercially feasible levels . However, several strategies have been developed to enhance biosynthesis of these BAIs in plant cell cultures to make the production process cost efficient.…”

Enhancement of eurycomanone biosynthesis in cell culture of longjack (Eurycoma longifolia) by elicitor treatment

“…There were reports on applications of MeJA, YE and SA to enhance bioactive compounds biosynthesis in cell and tissue cultures of medicinal valuable plants (Naik and Al-Khayri 2016). In E. longifolia tree, Abdullah et al (2016) used MeJA, YE and SA as elicitors to improve the yield of 9-methoxycanthin-6-one (an indole alkaloid) biosynthesis in hairy root culture.…”

Introduction to in vitro culture and callus initiation in Salvia hispanica L. (chia)

“…Нинішній рівень розвитку біотехнології рослин дозволяє використовувати для отримання біоактивних речовин сировину не лише з дикорослих чи вирощених у штучних умовах рослин, але і з отриманих методами культури рослинних тканин і органів in vitro, застосування яких відкриває можливості регулювання синтезу біологічно активних вторинних метаболітів і цільового отримання їх у більших кількостях, ніж із традиційного рослинного матеріалу (Кунах, 2005;Wink, 2010;Gonçalves, 2017). Крім того, методи асептичної культури широко застосовують для масового мікроклонального розмноження цінних генотипів рослин, відбору продуктивних ліній, створення генетично модифікованих організмів тощо (Rybczyński et al, 2015;Naik, 2016). Біотехнологічні методи були застосовані і для розмноження та дослідження рослин S. hispanica.…”