Ability of Trichoderma harzianum in the Formulation with Carbon Fiber and Silica Nano Particles to Control Damping Off (Sclerotium rolfsii) on Soybean Plants

Abstract

Sclerotium rolfsii is one of the soil-borne pathogens that cause damping-off and stem rot on soybean plants. One effort to control damping-off, which is environmentally friendly, is by using biological agents. Antagonistic microorganism that has been studied intensively and has a great potential to control soil-borne diseases is Trichoderma harzianum. The objectives of this research were to comprehend the ability of T. harzianum in a formulation with carbon fiber 80 mesh and silica nanoparticles (NPs.) and to determine the concentration of silica NPs. in the formulation that suppresses the in vitro growth of S. rolfsii and control the damping-off on soybean plants. The experiment was conducted in two phases. The first phase was in vitro experiment, arranged in a completely randomized design with 11 treatments and 3 replications. The second phase was in vivo test by using randomized complete block design, with 11 treatments and 3 replications. The in-vitro test showed that each treatment with T. harzianum in the formulation of silica NPs. and carbon fiber 80 mesh in various concentrations was able to suppress the S. rolfsii growth by 58.76- 80.92%. The treatment of single T. harzianum caused the highest suppression on S. rolfsii up to 80.92%. While the results of the in vivo test showed that the highest percentage of damping-off suppression was on the treatment of T. harzianum only, with 60% suppression.

Uji Kitosan Nano dan Silika Nano untuk Menekan Pertumbuhan Rhizoctonia solani dan Penyakit Rebah Semai Padi

“…Trichoderma harzianum dalam serat karbon dan silika nano 1% telah diuji dan mampu menekan pertumbuhan Sclerotium rolfsii secara in-vitro (Ilahiyyat et al, 2018) Gejala kecambah sakit, ditunjukkan dengan adanya pembusukan pada pangkal batang berwarna coklat kehitaman (Yulia dkk., 2020). Perhitungan persentase penekanan kejadian penyakit dilakukan dengan menggunakan rumus: K = n/N x 100% (K= kejadian Penyakit, n= jumlah semai yang menunjukkan penyakit, N= total semai yang diamati).…”

“…Setelah dingin, beras diinokulasi dengan biakkan jamur R. solani dari media PDA sebanyak 5 potong dengan ukuran 10 mm kemudian di inkubasi selama 7 hari dalam suhu kamar. Setelah beras terkolonisasi oleh jamur R. solani, 20 g biakan massal dicampur dengan media tanah sebanyak 20 kg kemudian diinkubasikan selama 7 hari sebelum benih siap ditanam (Ilahiyyat et al, 2018). Media tanam yang digunakan adalah 600 g campuran tanah dan kompos steril (3:1, v/v) di dalam plastik mika berukuran 16 cm x 10 cm x 3 cm.…”

Pengaruh Trichoderma harzianum dan Nano Silika Terhadap Penyakit Moler dan Produksi Bawang Merah

“…Hal ini terlihat pada peningkatan diameter umbi bawang merah. Penelitian (Ilahiyyat et al 2018) menunjukkan aplikasi T. harzianum dan nanosilika 0,5% pada tanaman kedelai terserang damping-off mampu meningkatkan tinggi tanaman karena mampu menstimulasi translokasi CO2 dan fotosintesis.…”

Effects of Chitosan and Silica Nanoparticles Against the Development and Growth of Red Chilli Anthracnose Disease Colletotrichum sp.

“…Silica nanoparticle mixed with carbon fibre 80 mesh 5% and T. harzianum has an antagonistic effect on Sclerotium rolfsii on soybeans plants growth by 58-76-80.92% 15 .…”