Aberration of morphogenesis of siliceous frustule elements of the diatom Synedra acus in the presence of germanic acid

Safonova, T. A.; Annenkov, Vadim V.; Чебыкин, Е. П.; Danilovtseva, Elena N.; Likhoshway, Ye. V.; Grachev, M. A.

doi:10.1134/s0006297907110132

Cited by 14 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…However, it is evident that this mechanism is related to the effect of the cell on the condensation of silica precursors. We have reported [26] that the toxic effect of germanic acid on diatoms is associated with premature silica acid (or oligosilicate) condensation. Such condensation occurs without cell control and results in solid silica deposits in incorrect places.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Effect of Titanium, Zirconium and Tin on the Growth of Diatom Synedra Acus and Morphology of Its Silica Valves

Basharina

Danilovtseva

Zelinskiy

et al. 2012

Silicon

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The effect of three Group IV metals (titanium, zirconium and tin) on the growth, morphology and chemical composition of the freshwater diatom Synedra acus subsp. radians (Kützing) Skabichevsky was studied and compared with germanium. The elements in their highest oxidation states were introduced into the culture medium in the form of hydroxides. Germanium was found to be toxic at ≥5 mol. % of the total Ge-Si content in the culture medium. In the presence of other elements, a slight decrease in the cell division rate was observed independent of the element within 1-15% content interval. The analysis of the obtained biomass and silica valves revealed the presence of all the added elements within the cells. However, only germanium was incorporated into the valves in considerable amounts. S. acus cultivation with the addition of 5% Group IV elements resulted in cells having the following aberrations in the structure of the silica valves: changes in valve shape, thickening of valves, alterations of the areolae rows, irregularity or absence of the areolae and a decrease in the mechanical strength of valves. Moreover, the effect of Group IV elements on silica formation was simulated in vitro using a synthetic polymer bearing polyamine and phosphate groups found in silaffines (proteins from Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (diatom frustules). The studied elements were observed to provoke the formation of unstable silica particles in solution. We propose that the observed effects of germanium, titanium, zirconium and tin on diatom growth and structure are due to uncontrollable silica condensation.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…radians (Kützing) Skabichevsky [25]. The results were compared to those from a previous study with germanium [26]. We have studied the growth rate of cells and their morphology and distribution of the elements in cells and silica frustules.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Titanium, Zirconium and Tin on the Growth of Diatom Synedra Acus and Morphology of Its Silica Valves

Basharina

Danilovtseva

Zelinskiy

et al. 2012

Silicon

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“…(65) A recent study (66) of thin sections by means of transmission electron microscopy has shown that frustules of S. acus synthesized at toxic concentrations of germanic acid consist of smooth layers of silica, instead of normal patterns of siliceous nanostructures. It was proposed that the admixture of germanic acid affects the process of coagulation of the silica gel.…”

Section: Deposition Of Silicamentioning

confidence: 99%

Silicon nanotechnologies of pigmented heterokonts

2008

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Many pigmented heterokonts are able to synthesize elements of their cell walls (the frustules) of dense biogenic silica. These include diatom algae, which occupy a significant place in the biosphere. The siliceous frustules of diatoms have species-specific patterns of surface structures between 10 and a few hundred nanometers. The present review considers possible mechanisms of uptake of silicic acid from the aquatic environment, its transport across the plasmalemma, and intracellular transport and deposition of silica inside the specialized Silica Deposition Vesicle (SDV) where elements of the new frustule are formed. It is proposed that a complex of silicic acid with positively charged proteins silaffins and polypropylamines remains a homogeneous solution during the intracellular transport to SDV, where biogenic silica precipitates. The high density of the deposited biogenic silica may be due to removal of water from the SDV by aquaporins followed by syneresis--a process during which pore water is expelled from the network of the contracting gel. The pattern of aquaporins in the silicalemma, the membrane embracing the SDV, can determine the pattern of species-specific siliceous nanostructures.

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“…In particular, there are numerous studies about molecular biosilification mechanisms in vivo (grachev et al 2005;safonova et al 2007;Basharina et al 2012;, design of new experimental approaches to study biosilification (annenKov et al 2010, and the role of the cytoskeleton in the morphogenesis of siliceous frustule (KharitonenKo et al 2015). The investigations help us in understanding chemical principles of silification and how such process occur in living cells.…”

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confidence: 99%

Morphological and molecular evidence support description of two new diatom species from the genus Ulnaria in Lake Baikal

Kulikovskiy¹,

Lange‐Bertalot²,

Annenkova³

et al. 2016

Fottea

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Light and scanning electron microscopical observations are made on two non-raphid pennate species from Lake Baikal, Russia. Based on their morphologies, they are assigned to the genus Ulnaria. Molecular data from rbcL sequences were also generated from cultures of these two taxa. Combined morphological and molecular data suggest one of the species is the same as a species commonly referred to as Synedra acus, a species commonly reported from Lake Baikal and used as a model species for studies on valve silicification and nanotechnology applications. The second species is similar to Ulnaria ulna. Both taxa are important players in the ecology of Lake Baikal. Based on the combined molecular and morphological approach, and comparison of the species with recently designated types for both U. ulna and U. acus, we conclude that the two species are not synonymous with either U. acus or U. ulna, or other known species, and present full descriptions of them as species new to science.

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Aberration of morphogenesis of siliceous frustule elements of the diatom Synedra acus in the presence of germanic acid

Cited by 14 publications

References 20 publications

The Effect of Titanium, Zirconium and Tin on the Growth of Diatom Synedra Acus and Morphology of Its Silica Valves

The Effect of Titanium, Zirconium and Tin on the Growth of Diatom Synedra Acus and Morphology of Its Silica Valves

Silicon nanotechnologies of pigmented heterokonts

Morphological and molecular evidence support description of two new diatom species from the genus Ulnaria in Lake Baikal

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