Aberrant LncRNA Expression in Leukemia

Abstract

Leukemia is a common malignant cancer of the hematopoietic system, whose pathogenesis has not been fully elucidated. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are transcripts longer than 200 nucleotides without protein-coding function. Recent studies report their role in cellular processes such as the regulation of gene expression, as well as in the carcinogenesis, occurrence, development, and prognosis of various tumors. Evidence indicating relationships between a variety of lncRNAs and leukemia pathophysiology has increased dramatically in the previous decade, with specific lncRNAs expected to serve as diagnostic biomarkers, novel therapeutic targets, and predictors of clinical outcomes. Furthermore, these lncRNAs might offer insight into disease pathogenesis and novel treatment options. This review summarizes progress in studies on the role(s) of lncRNAs in leukemia.

The Role of LncRNAs in Translation

“…Reprograming of the translation machinery in cancer cells is important function of the key oncogenic signalings, promoting cellular transformation. Increased activity of translational machinery has been shown to be critical in many cancer cells, including breast [ 97 ], pancreatic [ 98 ], liver [ 99 ], and colorectal cancer [ 100 ], and leukemia [ 101 ]. Thus, lncRNA-mediated regulation of protein translation plays an important role in promoting oncogenic signaling, and specific targeting of these lncRNAs holds promise for developing highly targeted therapies in cancer and other human diseases.…”

The Potential Diagnostic Accuracy of Circulating MicroRNAs for Leukemia: A Meta-Analysis

“… 1 Clonal leukemia cells proliferate and accumulate in the bone marrow and other hematopoietic tissues due to mechanisms such as uncontrolled cell proliferation, blocked differentiation, and apoptosis obstruction, even infiltrating other non-hematopoietic tissues and organs, thus inhibiting normal hematopoietic function. 2 Leukemia includes 4 major categories: acute myeloid leukemia (AML), acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL), chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). 3 The clinical manifestations may have varying degrees of anemia, bleeding, infection and fever, as well as liver, spleen, lymph node enlargement and bone pain.…”

Functioning of Long Noncoding RNAs Expressed in Macrophage in the Development of Atherosclerosis

“…In accordance with the positional association between lncRNAs and protein-coding genes ( Gao et al, 2020 ), the lncRNAs can be classified as exonic sense, anti-sense, intronic sense, bidirectional (enhancer), and intergenic sense classes ( Derrien et al, 2012 ). At the transcriptional level, lncRNAs can also be divided into four models (signals, decoys, guides, or scaffolds) to regulate gene expression (Chang, 2011; Mathy and Chen, 2017 ; Wang and Chang, 2011 ).…”