Aberrant Ancylostoma sp. in the brain of a dog

Perry, Amie; Dangoudoubiyam, Sriveny; Bolling, Melanie; Hoffmann, Aline Rodrigues

doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2016.04.023

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Ancylostoma sp. já foi detectado no encéfalo de um bulldog de 14 meses com sinais neurológicos agudos progressivos [11]. Encefalite por Cuterebra já foi relatada em um cão filhote de 3 meses e meio, com base em sinais neurológicos e exames do líquido cefalorraquidiano [7].…”

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Parasitic Encephalitis in a Bitch

Galeno

Medeiros

Carvalho

et al. 2019

Acta Scientiae. Vet.

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Background: Encephalitis is common in most inflammatory and infectious diseases of the central nervous system, and bacterial and viral pathogens, protozoa, fungi, and erythematous parasites are recognized as etiological agents. Clinical signs vary according to the anatomical location and severity of the inflammation. Some parasites may undergo aberrant migration into the brain of dogs and cats, which is are considered a rare clinical phenomenon. This case report describes the occurrence of parasitic encephalitis in a mixed breed bitch about 4 year-old. Case: A mixed breed bitch, about 4 year-old, rescued from the street with weakness of the pelvic limbs, was treated at the Veterinary Hospital of the Federal University of Piauí -UFPI. After A clinical and neurological examination, the patient was hospitalized for diagnosis, treatment, confirmation and follow-up of her clinical evolution. Complementary tests were performed to evaluate her general condition, given her unknown history because she was a rescue dog. Complete blood count (CBC), hemoparasite screening, biochemical function (urea, creatinine, ALT, alkaline phosphatase, total protein, albumin and globulin), abdominal and pelvic ultrasound, serological and parasitological tests for leishmaniasis, distemper antigen and ehrlichiosis antibody detection tests were performed, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was collected for analysis. The CBC revealed normocytic hypochromic anemia and thrombocytopenia. Biochemical functions were within normal limits, except for alanine aminotransferase (ALT), which was slightly low. The ultrasound examination showed splenomegaly. The canine distemper, ehrlichiosis and leishmaniasis tests were negative. The results of the CSF analysis revealed the presence of spherical structures compatible with parasitic cysts, suggestive of Echinococcus granulosus. After the laboratory diagnosis of parasitic encephalitis, the animal was treated with prednisolone, albendazole, praziquantel and doxycycline. Three days after starting treatment for parasitic encephalitis, the patient presented significant clinical improvement, began to feed again and to move around. Discussion: The presence of parasitic cysts in cerebrospinal fluid is uncommon; however, encephalitis due to aberrant parasite migration has been described in dogs and cats. The migration and growth of the parasite causes extensive damage to the neural parenchyma. The clinical signs of worm encephalitis tend to show acute to super-acute onset, and the definitive diagnosis depends on the identification of the parasitic agent in the patient's brain. This type of diagnosis has so far been performed only during necropsy. In the case reported here, parasitic cysts were identified in CSF, thus confirming and formulating a definitive diagnosis. It is rare to find microorganisms and tumor cells in samples of cerebrospinal fluid; however, if this occurs, a definitive diagnosis can be formulated. The use of cerebrospinal fluid is therefore an important diagnostic tool when other imaging tests such ...

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“…Encefalite por Cuterebra já foi relatada em um cão filhote de 3 meses e meio, com base em sinais neurológicos e exames do líquido cefalorraquidiano [7]. Hidatidose cerebral já foi descrita em um equino no Sul do Brasil [11]. Em cães a localização do Echinococcus granulosus no encéfalo é rara, sendo mais comum sua forma intestinal.…”

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Parasitic Encephalitis in a Bitch

Galeno

Medeiros

Carvalho

et al. 2019

Acta Scientiae. Vet.

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Soil-Transmitted Helminths in the USA: a Review of Five Common Parasites and Future Directions for Avenues of Enhanced Epidemiologic Inquiry

2021

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Purpose of Review The aim of this review is to present a comprehensive look at five intestinal soil-transmitted helminths (STHs) of global health importance that may continue to plague low-income and rural areas of the USA and argue the need for enhanced surveillance of these infections, which primarily affect the nation's most vulnerable groups. Recent Findings Human STH infections in middle-and high-income countries are at particular risk for being undiagnosed; as common symptoms are non-specific, differentials require a high index of clinical suspicion, and cases are concentrated in areas of poverty where access to care is limited. Although autochthonous STHs are thought to be rare in the USA, infections were once common in the American South and Appalachia and robust epidemiologic surveillance is limited post 1980s. However, recent community studies and case reports from small-scale farms and areas of high rural or inner-city poverty reveal the potential for persisting helminth infections in distinct populations of the country. Summary STHs are among the most common neglected tropical diseases globally causing significant morbidity in underserved communities and contributing to the continuation of cycles of poverty within vulnerable populations. Due to possible severe disease sequalae and their ability to perpetuate poverty and poverty-associated health outcomes within already vulnerable groups, it is vital that surveillance for these infections is enhanced to bolster health equity in the USA.

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Aberrant Ancylostoma sp. in the brain of a dog

Cited by 2 publications

References 17 publications

Parasitic Encephalitis in a Bitch

Parasitic Encephalitis in a Bitch

Soil-Transmitted Helminths in the USA: a Review of Five Common Parasites and Future Directions for Avenues of Enhanced Epidemiologic Inquiry

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