Abdominal obesity and cardiometabolic risk in children and adolescents, are we aware of their relevance?

Forkert, Elsie C.O.; Rendo-Urteaga, Tara; Nascimento-Ferreira, Marcus Vinicius; Moraes, Augusto César Ferreira de; Moreno, Luís A.; Carvalho, Heráclito Barbosa

doi:10.1186/s41110-016-0017-7

Cited by 28 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 125 publications

(133 reference statements)

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“…Higher ratios are an indicator of visceral fat around the abdomen, which is associated with cardiovascular disease, hypertension, and diabetes (19,20). Measurements were taken at the narrowest part of the waist and widest part of the hip, measured twice to the nearest 0.1 cm using a Gulick II tape measure (model 67020, North Coast Medical Inc) (21).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

We Run This City: Impact of a Community–School Fitness Program on Obesity, Health, and Fitness

et al. 2018

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IntroductionThe We Run This City (WRTC) Youth Marathon Program is a community-supported, school-based fitness program designed to increase physical activity in a large, urban school district by engaging middle school youth to train 12 to 14 weeks to run or walk 1.2 miles, 6.2 miles, or 13.1 miles of the Rite Aid Cleveland Marathon. The objective of our study was to evaluate the effect of the intervention on adolescent health.MethodsWe assessed changes in obesity, health, and fitness, measured before training and postintervention, among 1,419 sixth- to eighth-grade students participating in WRTC for the first time, with particular interest in the program’s effect on overweight (85th–94th body mass index percentile) or obese (≥95th percentile) students. We collected data from 2009 through 2012, and analyzed it in 2016 and 2017. Outcomes of interest were body mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), elevated blood pressure, and fitness levels evaluated by using the Progressive Aerobic Cardiovascular Endurance Run (PACER) test and the sit-to-stand test.ResultsWe saw significant improvements overall in fitness and blood pressure. Controlling for demographics, program event, and training dosage, BMI percentile increased among normal weight participants and decreased among overweight and obese participants (P < .001). WHR increased among obese participants, whereas reductions in blood pressure among those with elevated blood pressure were associated with higher amounts of training and lower baseline BMI.ConclusionEven small amounts of regular physical activity can affect the health and fitness of urban youths. School–community partnerships offer a promising approach to increasing physical activity by supporting schools and making a school-based activity inclusive, fun, and connected to the broader fitness community.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

We Run This City: Impact of a Community–School Fitness Program on Obesity, Health, and Fitness

et al. 2018

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“…Obesitas sentral merupakan akumulasi massa lemak di bagian perut yang menimbulkan gangguan metabolik. [1][2][3] Saat ini telah diketahui komplikasi obesitas sentral seperti sindrom metabolik, penyakit kardiovaskuler, diabetes mellitus (DM), dan kanker. 4,5 Prevalensi remaja dengan obesitas sentral bervariasi dari 8,7-33,2% di negara maju, sedangkan di negara berkembang berkisar antara 3,8-51,7%.…”

Section: Pendahuluanunclassified

“…12 Risiko metabolik obesitas abdominal lebih besar dibandingkan obesitas general terhadap kejadian sindrom metabolic. 1 Menurut pedoman National Cholesterol Education Program's Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP-ATP), obesitas abdominal merupakan salah satu komponen sindrom metabolik. 13 Risiko metabolik dari obesitas abdominal adalah pelepasan nonesterified fatty acid (NEFA) yang selajutnya memicu aktivitas makrofag serta peningkatan produk pro-inflamasi.…”

Section: Pendahuluanunclassified

HUBUNGAN RASIO LP/TB (Lingkar Pinggang Terhadap Tinggi Badan) DENGAN RASIO KADAR TG/HDL PADA REMAJA OBES SENTRAL

et al. 2020

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Latar belakang: Penanda aterogenik dan resistensi insulin pada subjek obesitas sentral yang akurat dan aplikatif dapat menggunakan rasio TG/HDL. Penelitian sebelumnya telah banyak diteliti tentang pemeriksaan HOMA-IR pada subjek dengan resistensi insulin. Rasio LP/TB diketahui lebih unggul dalam memprediksi risiko penyakit jantung koroner dibandingkan LP saja karena rasio ini merupakan indeks yang stabil pada ras, umur, dan jenis kelamin berbeda. Saat ini penelitian tentang hubungan rasio LP/TB dengan rasio TG/HDL pada subjek remaja obes masih terbatas.Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui hubungan rasio LP/TB dengan rasio TG/HDL pada remajadengan obesitas sentral.Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional dengan desain cross sectional. Penelitian dilakukan di Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang. Kriteria inklusi meliputi, remaja perempuan atau laki-laki, berusia 19-20 tahun,memiliki IMT > 25kg/m2 dan lingkar pingang >80cm untuk perempuan dan >90 cm untuk laki-laki. Berat badan menggunakan alat bio impedance analyzer. LP diukur menggunakan pita metlin statis. Pengambilan sampel darah untuk TG dan HDL melalui vena, setelah puasa semalam (10 jam) kemudian diuji menggunakan autoanalyzer. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji Pearson dan Spearman rank test.Hasil: Kami menganalisis pada 56 remaja dengan obesitas sentral. Rerata LP (88,9 ± 8,67cm), kadar TG (105 ± 56,62mg/dL), HDL-c (45,3 ± 12,61mg/dL), rasio LP/TB (0,55 ± 0,04), rasio TG/HDL 2,3 ± 1,42). Ada hubungan signifikan antara rasio LP/TB dengan TG/HGL (r=0,386; p=0,003)Simpulan: Rasio LP/TB tinggi berkorelasi dengan peningkatan rasio TG/HDL-C pada remaja dengan obesitas sentral dan dapat digunakan sebagai penanda awal resiko metabolik

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“…Breakfast skipping among adolescents has ranged from 1.3% to 74.7% worldwide (8) . In general, skipping this meal has been associated with excess body weight and abdominal obesity (9) , increased blood pressure (10) , deleterious effects on lipid profile (11) , and glycidic profile (12,13) . The mechanisms that might explain the relationship between breakfast skipping and metabolic outcomes are related to a possible high energy intake after the long fasting period (14) , fasting-induced insulin resistance (15) , appetite regulation (16) , changes in glycemic homeostasis, and interruption of gene expression of circadian cycles involved in glucose metabolism (13) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Skipping breakfast is associated with the presence of cardiometabolic risk factors in adolescents: Study of Cardiovascular Risks in Adolescents – ERICA

et al. 2020

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Breakfast is considered as the most important meal of the day. The habit of skipping this meal in adolescence tends to remain until adulthood and has been associated with cardiometabolic risk factors. This study estimated the prevalence of skipping breakfast and its association with cardiometabolic risk factors. This is a cross-sectional study with data from the Study of Cardiovascular Risks in Adolescents (ERICA), with a nationally representative sample of 36,956 Brazilian adolescents, aged 10 to 17 years, enrolled in public and private schools. The outcomes were: excess body weight (body mass index), central obesity (waist circumference and waist/height ratio), lipid profile (total cholesterol, LDLc, HDLc, and triglycerides) and glycidic profile (fasting glycemia, fasting insulin, and glycated hemoglobin). The association between skipping breakfast and each outcome was estimated using multiple logistic regression models (Odds Ratio [OR] and 95% Confidence Interval). Prevalence of skipping breakfast was 68.7% and, after adjustments, it was associated with excess body weight (OR = 1.51), central obesity both by waist circumference (OR = 1.36) and by waist/height ratio (OR = 1.44) and high fasting glucose levels (OR = 1.54), fasting insulin (OR = 1.45), and glycated hemoglobin (OR = 1.23). Thus, skipping breakfast was high among adolescents and those who skip this meal are more likely to have total and central obesity, as well as high levels of total cholesterol, fasting insulin, fasting glycemia and glycated hemoglobin, regardless of factors relative to lifestyle and demographic and socioeconomic characteristics.

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Abdominal obesity and cardiometabolic risk in children and adolescents, are we aware of their relevance?

Cited by 28 publications

References 125 publications

We Run This City: Impact of a Community–School Fitness Program on Obesity, Health, and Fitness

We Run This City: Impact of a Community–School Fitness Program on Obesity, Health, and Fitness

HUBUNGAN RASIO LP/TB (Lingkar Pinggang Terhadap Tinggi Badan) DENGAN RASIO KADAR TG/HDL PADA REMAJA OBES SENTRAL

Skipping breakfast is associated with the presence of cardiometabolic risk factors in adolescents: Study of Cardiovascular Risks in Adolescents – ERICA

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