Abdominal compartment syndrome: urological aspects

Abdominal compartment syndrome occurring due to uterine perforation during a hysteroscopy procedure

“…Also, renin activity and aldosterone levels increased when the IAP was more than 30 mmHg. These changes were associated with anuria, considerably reduced renal blood flow, and increased renal vascular resistance [16,17]. Treatment was directed at maintenance of urine output and correction of the electrolyte imbalance.…”

Surgical Hemorrhage, Damage Control, and the Abdominal Compartment Syndrome

“…34 Assessment of Intra-abdominal Pressure Normal intra-abdominal pressure varies with respiration and ranges between 0 and 5 mm Hg. 33,35,36 Although exact measurements vary between authors, intra-abdominal hypertension is usually defined as intra-abdominal pressure greater than 20 mm Hg. [34][35][36][37][38] Intra-abdominal pressure can be measured using various direct and indirect techniques.…”

“…33,35,36 Although exact measurements vary between authors, intra-abdominal hypertension is usually defined as intra-abdominal pressure greater than 20 mm Hg. [34][35][36][37][38] Intra-abdominal pressure can be measured using various direct and indirect techniques. Direct measurement requires placement of an intraperitoneal catheter connected to an external pressure transducer or saline manometer.…”

“…With the patient in supine position, the symphysis pubis is used as the zero point for monitor calibration. [33][34][35][36]38 Physiologic Consequences of Intra-abdominal Hypertension Elevated intra-abdominal pressure has an adverse effect on multiple organ systems. Abdominal distention increases the pressure within the adjacent pleural space.…”

“…Although the physiologic mechanism is unclear, elevations of intracranial pressure have also been associated with intra-abdominal hypertension. [33][34][35][36][37][38] Aggressive resuscitation with crystalloid and blood products is necessary to maintain an adequate circulatory volume, especially in the presence of ongoing hemorrhage. In the setting of intra-abdominal hypertension, profound capillary leakage occurs through the combined effects of a dilutional decrease in plasma oncotic pressure and a pressure-induced impairment of mesenteric venous and lymphatic outflow.…”