ABA promotion of ethylene production in anther culture of Brussels sprouts (Brassica oleracea var. gemmifera) and its relevance to embryogenesis

Biddington, N. L.; Robinson, Helen T.; Lynn, James R.

doi:10.1034/j.1399-3054.1993.880407.x

Cited by 9 publications

(14 citation statements)

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“…The amount of ethylene that accumulates will depend on the rate of production by the plant tissue but also on the rate at which it escapes from the vessel. Although containers routinely used for tissue culture may lose ethylene quite rapidly (Biddington and Robinson 1991), ethylene production often exceeds leakage and results in considerable accumulation (Jackson et al 1991). As there are numerous reports on the effects of ethylene on unorganised and organised growth in plant tissue culture, especially shoot regeneration (Huxter et al 1981, Chi and Pua 1989, Chraibi et al 1991, Taylor et al 1994) and somatic embryogenesis (Nissen 1994;Roustan et al 1989Roustan et al , 1990, the role of this hormone on morphogenesis cannot be ignored.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Ethylene involvement in vegetative bud formation in tobacco thin layers

et al. 1998

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The role of ethylene in vegetative bud regeneration was studied in cultured tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L. cv Samsun) thin-layer explants. The experimental approach consisted in supplementing the bud-inducing medium with an inhibitor of ethylene biosynthesis, aminoethoxyvinylglycine (AVG), an ethylene antagonist, silver thiosulphate (STS), or an ethylene-releasing compound, 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid (CEPA), at various concentrations. The organogenic response was assessed both macroscopically (percentage of bud-forming explants, final number of buds per explant) and cytohistologically (number, characteristics, and localisation of meristemoids and bud primordia). The time course of ethylene production during culture was also evaluated. At the end of culture (day 27) all the explants treated with these compounds had a lower number of buds compared to controls. STS was detrimental to meristemoid initiation at all the concentrations tested. In contrast, 0.5 mu M AVG, which strongly inhibited ethylene production, provoked a large increase in the formation of meristemoids early in culture and the appearance of anomalous ("twin") buds. CEPA reduced meristemoid formation but, at the lower concentrations (1 and 10 mu M) speeded up bud emergence. On the whole it mainly favoured disorganised growth and xylogenesis. The results of this work highlight the contrasting effects of ethylene in relation to the two critical stages of the organogenic process, i.e., meristemoid formation and bud primordium development

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Ethylene involvement in vegetative bud formation in tobacco thin layers

et al. 1998

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“…Concerns with sparging include gas composition, shear stress, and particle deposition on the reactor wall at the medium-air interface. Respiring cultures typically produce substantial amounts of carbon dioxide, ethylene, ethanol and acetaldehyde (Thomas & Murashige 1979;Perata & Alpi 1991), and their accumulation has been shown to impede culture growth and development (Biddington & Robinson 1991;Jackson et al 1991). However, high 02 concentrations have also been shown to inhibit culture growth (Hegarty et al 1986) and somatic embryogenesis (Kessel & Carr 1972).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancement of somatic embryogenesis of Ipomoea batatas in solid eultures and production of mature somatic embryos in liquid cultures for application to a bioreactor production system

Bienick

Harrell

Cantliffe

1995

Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult

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Somatic embryos of Ipomoea batatas Lam. (sweet potato cv. 'White Star') were produced in an airlift bioreactor. This work describes the optimization of the embryogenic system on semisolid medium, followed by transfer of the system to liquid cultures and ultimately to the airlift bioreactor. The physiological age of embryogenic callus influenced the number and overall morphology of the embryo population in both semisolid and liquid medium. Maximum mature embryo production (35 embryos 10 mg-~ inoculum) was obtained from six-week-old callus at 30°C. Somatic embryogenesis occurred in liquid cultures containing 20 mM NH4NO3 and 30 mM KC1. Globular embryos formed and continued development in suspension producing viable, mature cotyledonary embryos by day 14. Embryo formation and development was limited in the bioreactor. Although shear stress was responsible for some embryogenic damage, the effect of purging the system with fresh air needed to be investigated. To isolate aeration effects from shear stress effects, atmospheric determinations were performed on shaker flask cultures. Initially the gas composition within the Erlenmeyer headspace was that of room air. Ethylene increased to a maximum of 6.4 ppm (day 16), maximum CO2, 21.2%, was also evident on day 16, and oxygen was depleted to a minimum of 8.1% by day 14. Purging the cultures with fresh air reduced the number of embryos formed; however, they were significantly longer than those formed in closed flasks. The gas response model of Ipomoea batatas will enable atmosphere replenishment in the bioreactor mimicking that of the shaker flask environment. Once the damaging effects of shear stress have been overcome, the regulation of bioreactor gasses should allow somatic embryo formation in the bioreactor comparable to that in shaker flasks.

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“…Variation in anther culture has been attributed to the genotype of the donor plant (Bhojwani & Razdan 1983;Sopory & Bajaj 1987), the environment of the donor plant (Mii & Taguchi 1982;Johansson 1986;Xu et al 1990;Hamaoka et al 1991), pretreatment of the anthers prior to culture (Reynolds 1984;Fabijanski et al 1991), and the in vitro culture conditions of the embryos (Johansson 1986). In Brussels sprouts, embryo yield varied between 0 and 800 embryos per 100 anthers under similar conditions (Biddington & Robinson 1991). Such variation can mask treatment effects applied during anther culture, thus making it difficult to evaluate procedures that may affect embryo yield.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors affecting variability in anther culture and in conversion of androgenic embryos ofSolanum phureja

Snider

Veilleux

1994

Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult

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The variation for embryo production in anther culture of Solanum phureja was examined as a function of maximum greenhouse temperature prior to bud harvest and innate responsiveness among anthers within a bud. Four clones of S. phureja were grown in a greenhouse under a 16-h photoperiod. The temperature was monitored continuously. Buds (60 per day on 10 days) were collected and the anthers cultured in two groups of five flasks (30 anthers per flask). In the first group, each flask contained the 30 anthers from six buds; in the second group, each flask contained one anther from each of 30 buds. Significantly smaller coefficients of variation were observed for the second group, suggesting that variation for embryogenic capacity among buds was greater than that among anthers within a bud. Variation in embryo yield as a function of greenhouse temperature was examined by stepwise regression analysis. Embryogenic capacity of one clone was adversely affected by high temperatures (31-37°C) that occurred two and seven days before bud harvest. However, similarly high temperatures appeared to enhance the androgenic response of another clone. Conversion of anther-derived embryos over three subcultures to fresh regeneration medium was examined as a function of anther donor or clone, cold pretreatment of embryos, and morphological classification of embryos. Only clonal Origin significantly affected conversion rate which ranged from 12.5% to 46.0%. Conversion rate declined on each serial subculture.

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ABA promotion of ethylene production in anther culture of Brussels sprouts (Brassica oleracea var. gemmifera) and its relevance to embryogenesis

Cited by 9 publications

References 0 publications

Ethylene involvement in vegetative bud formation in tobacco thin layers

Ethylene involvement in vegetative bud formation in tobacco thin layers

Enhancement of somatic embryogenesis of Ipomoea batatas in solid eultures and production of mature somatic embryos in liquid cultures for application to a bioreactor production system

Factors affecting variability in anther culture and in conversion of androgenic embryos ofSolanum phureja

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