Factors affecting variability in anther culture and in conversion of androgenic embryos ofSolanum phureja

Abstract

The variation for embryo production in anther culture of Solanum phureja was examined as a function of maximum greenhouse temperature prior to bud harvest and innate responsiveness among anthers within a bud. Four clones of S. phureja were grown in a greenhouse under a 16-h photoperiod. The temperature was monitored continuously. Buds (60 per day on 10 days) were collected and the anthers cultured in two groups of five flasks (30 anthers per flask). In the first group, each flask contained the 30 anthers from six buds; in the second group, each flask contained one anther from each of 30 buds. Significantly smaller coefficients of variation were observed for the second group, suggesting that variation for embryogenic capacity among buds was greater than that among anthers within a bud. Variation in embryo yield as a function of greenhouse temperature was examined by stepwise regression analysis. Embryogenic capacity of one clone was adversely affected by high temperatures (31-37°C) that occurred two and seven days before bud harvest. However, similarly high temperatures appeared to enhance the androgenic response of another clone. Conversion of anther-derived embryos over three subcultures to fresh regeneration medium was examined as a function of anther donor or clone, cold pretreatment of embryos, and morphological classification of embryos. Only clonal Origin significantly affected conversion rate which ranged from 12.5% to 46.0%. Conversion rate declined on each serial subculture.

Selection inherent in monoploid derivation mechanisms for potato

“…Androgenic monoploids were derived through anther culture of PP5 and BARD 1-3 (Snider and Veilleux 1994). The monoploids were verified by flow cytometry (Owen et al 1988) and maintained in vitro.…”

Effect of temperature shock and elevated incubation temperature on androgenic embryo yield of diploid potato

“…Anther culture and embryo conversion followed the procedures described by Snider & Veilleux (1994). A minimum of 90 buds with anthers approximately 3 to 4 mm in length (corresponding to microspores at lateuninueleate or early-binucleate stage) was picked from each clone on each day and placed in cold storage (4 °C) for three days.…”

“…The influence of greenhouse temperature surrounding donor plants on androgenic embryo yield has been reported in rapeseed (Lo & Pauls 1992), maize (Afele et al 1992), and potato (Snider & Veilleux 1994). In order to prevent confounding of bud-to-bud variation with treatment effects, anthers from the same bud were distributed to five flasks with different treatments (Snider & Veilleux 1994). Variation among buds collected on the same day due to differences in the developmental stage of microspores can also increase experimental error (Telmer et al 1992).…”

“…The embryos from anther culture were transferred to 100 x 15 mm Petri plates with 15 ml regeneration medium (Snider & Veilleux 1994) and incubated at 20 °C under 16-h photoperiod and 175 #mol s -l m -2 light intensity. At three week intervals, the embryos that had converted into plants were counted and transferred to 25 x 150 mm glass tubes containing 20 ml MS basal medium with vitamins (Murashige & Skoog 1962) supplemented with 100 mg 1-1 myo-inositol, 100 mg 1-1casein hydrolysate, 3% sucrose and 0.7% Gibco phytagar (Life Technologies Inc., Gaithersburg, Md.…”

Published doubled haploid protocols in plant species

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