AA Amyloid Deposition in the Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems in Flamingos

Ono, Akio; Nakayama, Yasuya; Inoue, Maki; Yanai, Tokuma; Murakami, Tomoaki

doi:10.1177/0300985820939976

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Hence, considering that we found only two positive lungs, one of which presenting mild deposits, our findings suggest that pulmonary deposition of AA-fibrils is uncommon in cats. Of note, lung involvement in systemic AAamyloidosis is rarely reported in other species as well, among which the Siberian tiger, the bovine, the Japanese quail, the pekin duck, and the flamingo [7,[25][26][27][28]. To our knowledge,…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

“…In humans, ocular involvement has been described only in AL-amyloidosis and there are no reports of any type of fibrils in animals [ 34 ]. Brain involvement is also very rare in humans and animals; mainly vascular deposits have been reported in the central and peripheral nervous system only in flamingos [ 26 ]. The rare involvement of the eye and brain might be explained by their peculiar blood barriers which might have a role in protecting these organs by AA-amyloid spreading [ 35 , 36 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Histological evaluation of the distribution of systemic AA-amyloidosis in nine domestic shorthair cats

Moccia,

Vogt,

Ricagno

et al. 2023

PLoS ONE

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Amyloidosis is a group of protein-misfolding disorders characterized by the accumulation of amyloid in organs, both in humans and animals. AA-amyloidosis is considered a reactive type of amyloidosis and in humans is characterized by the deposition of AA-amyloid fibrils in one or more organs. In domestic shorthair cats, AA-amyloidosis was recently reported to be frequent in shelters. To better characterize this pathology, we report the distribution of amyloid deposits and associated histological lesions in the organs of shelter cats with systemic AA-amyloidosis. AA-amyloid deposits were identified with Congo Red staining and immunofluorescence. AA-amyloid deposits were then described and scored, and associated histological lesions were reported. Based on Congo Red staining and immunofluorescence nine shelter cats presented systemic AA-amyloidosis. The kidney (9/9), the spleen (8/8), the adrenal glands (8/8), the small intestine (7/7) and the liver (8/9) were the organs most involved by amyloid deposits, with multifocal to diffuse and from moderate to severe deposits, both in the organ parenchyma and/or in the vascular compartment. The lung (2/9) and the skin (1/8) were the least frequently involved organs and deposits were mainly focal to multifocal, mild, vascular and perivascular. Interestingly, among the organs with fibril deposition, the stomach (7/9), the gallbladder (6/6), the urinary bladder (3/9), and the heart (6/7) were reported for the first time in cats. All eye, brain and skeletal muscle samples had no amyloid deposits. An inflammatory condition was identified in 8/9 cats, with chronic enteritis and chronic nephritis being the most common. Except for secondary cell compression, other lesions were not associated to amyloid deposits. To conclude, this study gives new insights into the distribution of AA-amyloid deposits in cats. A concurrent chronic inflammation was present in almost all cases, possibly suggesting a relationship with AA-amyloidosis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Histological evaluation of the distribution of systemic AA-amyloidosis in nine domestic shorthair cats

Moccia,

Vogt,

Ricagno

et al. 2023

PLoS ONE

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“…The disease was identified in all five geographically distant zoos, and the affected squirrels in Zoo E originated from wild individuals, suggesting that AFib amyloidosis in Japanese squirrels was not a trait acquired through breeding but that it could occur naturally in this species. Although outbreaks of AA amyloidosis have been reported in some captive and wild animal colonies, such as cheetahs [27], flamingos [28], and chickens [29], there have been few reports Fibrinogen Aα-chain amyloidosis in Japanese squirrels 101 of an entire species developing non-AA systemic amyloidosis at such a high frequency. Further analyses were thus conducted to elucidate the pathogenesis of AFib amyloidosis in Japanese squirrels.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…White means no peptides were detected. The maximum numbers of detected peptides in each Japanese squirrel (shown in red) were23,23, 42,11, 58,31, 94,32,28,28,28,19,35,28,31,32, and 22, respectively. There were no C-terminal peptides detected after Glu567 in any of the cases.…”

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confidence: 99%

Fibrinogen Aα‐chain amyloidosis outbreaks in Japanese squirrels (Sciurus lis): a potential disease model

Iwaide

Ito

Ogino

et al. 2023

The Journal of Pathology

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Fibrinogen Aα‐chain amyloidosis is a hereditary systemic amyloidosis characterized by glomerular amyloid depositions, which are derived from the fibrinogen Aα‐chain variant in humans. Despite its unique pathology, the pathogenic mechanisms of this disease are only partially understood. This is in part because comparative pathological studies on fibrinogen Aα‐chain amyloidosis are currently unavailable as there is a lack of reported cases in animals other than humans. In this study, mass spectrometry‐based proteomic analyses of Japanese squirrels (Sciurus lis) that died in five Japanese zoos showed that they developed glomerular‐associated fibrinogen Aα‐chain amyloidosis with an extremely high incidence rate (29/38 cases, 76.3%). The condition was found to be age‐dependent in the Japanese squirrels, with 89% of individuals over 4 years of age affected. Mass spectrometry revealed that the C‐terminal region of the fibrinogen Aα‐chain was involved in amyloidogenesis in Japanese squirrels as well as humans. No gene variations were identified between amyloid‐positive and amyloid‐negative squirrels, which contrasted with the available data for humans. The results indicate that fibrinogen Aα‐chain amyloidosis is a senile amyloidosis in Japanese squirrels. The results have also provided comparative pathological support that the amyloidogenic C‐terminal region of the fibrinogen Aα‐chain is involved in the characteristic glomerular pathology, regardless of the animal species. This study elucidates the potential causes of death in Japanese squirrels and will contribute to future comparative pathological studies of fibrinogen Aα‐chain amyloidosis. © 2023 The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.

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“…Amyloidosis is a progressive and intractable disease caused by systemic or localized amyloid deposition. Amyloid A (AA) amyloidosis is a systemic amyloidosis that has been reported as a fatal disease in various animal species [ 7 , 16 ]. AA amyloidosis is secondary to chronic inflammatory diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis [ 15 ], but the detailed pathogenic mechanism has not yet been elucidated.…”

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confidence: 99%

Oxazolone-induced gastrointestinal disorders enhance the oral transmission of AA amyloidosis in mice

Kobayashi

Iwaide

Ujike

et al. 2021

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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Amyloid A (AA) amyloidosis is a lethal disease characterized by systemic AA amyloid deposition, and it reported in many animal species. Despite experiments have shown that AA amyloidosis can be transmitted orally, horizontal transmission and cross-species transmission are concerns, the transmission mechanism has been unknown. In this study, we examined the oral transmission efficiency of AA amyloidosis using oxazolone-induced gastrointestinal disorder mice. As a result, the upper or lower gastrointestinal disorder groups developed more severe amyloid deposition in systemic tissues than the group without gastrointestinal disorders. The results of this study suggest that gastrointestinal damage promotes the oral transmission of AA amyloidosis.

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AA Amyloid Deposition in the Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems in Flamingos

Cited by 9 publications

References 31 publications

Histological evaluation of the distribution of systemic AA-amyloidosis in nine domestic shorthair cats

Histological evaluation of the distribution of systemic AA-amyloidosis in nine domestic shorthair cats

Fibrinogen Aα‐chain amyloidosis outbreaks in Japanese squirrels (Sciurus lis): a potential disease model

Oxazolone-induced gastrointestinal disorders enhance the oral transmission of AA amyloidosis in mice

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