A wearable sensor platform to monitor sweat pH and skin temperature

Caldara, Michele; Colleoni, Claudio; Guido, Emanuela; Rosace, Giuseppe; Re, V.; Vitali, Andrea

doi:10.1109/bsn.2013.6575465

Cited by 18 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…In this perspective, several studies have been provided by Caldara et al concerning the development of optoelectronic colorimetric pH sensors using methyl red or litmus as dyestuffs covalently linked in GPTMS matrices [ 53 , 54 , 55 ]. The optoelectronic device for the color sensing variations was realized with a LED and a photodiode to implement the light-to-frequency conversion as the spectral sensitivity curve of the photodiode is monotonic in the smart fabric color variation range.…”

Section: Advance In Halochromic Smart Textilesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanostructured Surface Finishing and Coatings: Functional Properties and Applications

et al. 2021

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This review presents current literature on different nanocomposite coatings and surface finishing for textiles, and in particular this study has focused on smart materials, drug-delivery systems, industrial, antifouling and nano/ultrafiltration membrane coatings. Each of these nanostructured coatings shows interesting properties for different fields of application. In this review, particular attention is paid to the synthesis and the consequent physico-chemical characteristics of each coating and, therefore, to the different parameters that influence the substrate deposition process. Several techniques used in the characterization of these surface finishing coatings were also described. In this review the sol–gel method for preparing stimuli-responsive coatings as smart sensor materials is described; polymers and nanoparticles sensitive to pH, temperature, phase, light and biomolecules are also treated; nanomaterials based on phosphorus, borates, hydroxy carbonates and silicones are used and described as flame-retardant coatings; organic/inorganic hybrid sol–gel coatings for industrial applications are illustrated; carbon nanotubes, metallic oxides and polymers are employed for nano/ultrafiltration membranes and antifouling coatings. Research institutes and industries have collaborated in the advancement of nanotechnology by optimizing conversion processes of conventional materials into coatings with new functionalities for intelligent applications.

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Section: Advance In Halochromic Smart Textilesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanostructured Surface Finishing and Coatings: Functional Properties and Applications

et al. 2021

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“…They can be broadly classified into colorimetric sensing and electrochemical sensing approaches. • Colorimetric sensing approach: Caldara et al [11,12] implemented a low-power miniaturized smart textile based colorimetric pH sensor with highly sensitive electronics that measures pH based on color changes in the textile fabric treated with an organically modified silicate (ORMOSIL). This textile-based sensor can only be washed and reused for a short time of 15 days.…”

Section: Background and Related Work 21 Sweat Sensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

pH Watch - Leveraging Pulse Oximeters in Existing Wearables for Reusable, Real-time Monitoring of pH in Sweat

Balaji

Chen

Wang

et al. 2019

Proceedings of the 17th Annual International Conference on Mobile Systems, Applications, and Services

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Sweat is a readily accessible bodily fluid for detecting biomarkers such as pH, glucose etc., enabling continuous and non-invasive assessment of the well-being of individuals. Our proposed work aims at leveraging pulse oximeter chips in current-day fitness trackers for real-time continuous monitoring of pH in sweat. We achieve that by fabricating a highly responsive and long-term reusable pH sweat sensor on a flexible material to achieve skin conformity, targeting the sensor to work at the reflected infrared (880nm) and red (660nm) photoplethysmograph (PPG) signal intensities recorded by pulse oximeters. The sensor can be readily mounted atop any wearable with a pulse oximeter. We have successfully demonstrated a low-cost, low-power, highly-responsive and longterm reusable wrist-worn wearable prototype, pH Watch, for realtime continuous monitoring of pH value of sweat. We conducted on-body trials with 10 participants and pH Watch achieves an accuracy of ≈91%. We also showed that the integration of our sweat sensor does not hinder the pulse oximeter from measuring heart rate and SpO 2 , and users can continue with their daily activities with motion artifacts removed efficiently from PPG signals using the TROIKA framework, resulting in heart rate and SpO 2 measurements with an accuracy of ≈95% and ≈96% respectively when validated against commercial finger pulse oximeter measurements. To the best of our knowledge, pH Watch is the first demonstration of a reusable sweat sensor that can be readily integrated into today's smart watches with pulse oximeters, paving the way for ubiquitous sensing of biomarkers. * Both authors contributed equally to this research.• Human-centered computing → Ubiquitous and mobile devices; • Applied computing → Health care information systems.

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“…In another study, the designed sol-gel smart composite was employed in the real-time monitoring of both sweat pH and skin temperature [52]. In this regard, the wearable sensor platform was developed by using Litmus, a non-toxic dyestuff, in a GPTMS functionalization of textile, and a silicon-based thermometer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, the wearable platform reveals a settling time of 8 min due to the poor sweat rate at the beginning of the perspiration [53]. The so-obtained non-invasive wearable pH sensor, thanks to the on-body experiments performed [53] reveals fascinating potentiality in the monitoring of athletes' parameters for the evaluation of body hydration level or other health parameters [52] with application in sport, fitness and medicine fields.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanostructured Surface Finishing and Coatings: Functional Properties and Applications

Ielo

Giacobello

Sfameni

et al. 2021

Preprint

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This review presents current literature on different nanocomposites coatings and surface finishing for different substrates (such as textiles, concrete, plastics, stones, metals and so on). In particular, this study is focused on smart materials, drug delivery systems, and industrial, antifouling and nano/ultrafiltration membrane coatings. Each of these nanostructured coatings shows interesting properties for different fields of application. In this review, particular attention is paid to the synthesis and the consequent physico-chemical characteristics of each coating and, therefore, to the different parameters that influence the substrate deposition process. Several techniques used in the characterization of these surface finishing coatings are also described. In this review, the sol-gel and polymerization method for preparing stimuli-responsive coatings as smart sensor materials is described; functional polymers and nanoparticles sensitive to pH, temperature, phase, light and biomolecules are also treated. Finally, nanomaterials based on phosphorus, borates, hydroxy carbonates and silicones are used and described as flame retardant coatings; organic/inorganic hybrid sol-gel coatings for industrial applications are illustrated, together with functional nanofiller (carbon nanotubes, metallic oxides, etc.) and polymers employed for nano/ultrafiltration membrane and antifouling coatings. In the last decades, several research institutes and industries have collaborated for the advancement of nanotechnology by optimizing conversion processes of conventional materials into coatings with new functionalities for intelligent, innovative, eco-sustainable and advanced applications.

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A wearable sensor platform to monitor sweat pH and skin temperature

Cited by 18 publications

References 13 publications

Nanostructured Surface Finishing and Coatings: Functional Properties and Applications

Nanostructured Surface Finishing and Coatings: Functional Properties and Applications

pH Watch - Leveraging Pulse Oximeters in Existing Wearables for Reusable, Real-time Monitoring of pH in Sweat

Nanostructured Surface Finishing and Coatings: Functional Properties and Applications

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