A Water Experiment Benchmark to Evaluate Numerical Models for the Motion of Particles in Continuous Casting Tundish

Abstract

This paper presents a water experiment benchmark for evaluation of the numerical models for the particle motion in a continuous casting tundish. The particles are optically tracked in the model tundish and additionally are captured by instrumented wooden frames at the water surface. In the meantime, an attempt is made to simulate the water flow and motion of the particles by using the Eulerian-Lagrangian approach. It is shown that for the experiment with large particles (f3.5 mm) the experimentally determined distribution of the particles as captured by the wooden frames can be numerically simulated, but for the small particles (with a diameter distribution between 50 and 600 mm) there is still relative large mismatch between the simulation and the experiment. Some modeling options and parameters must be tuned carefully. This raises concern for the future application of the models in real engineering process where experimental calibration and evaluation are not possible. Therefore, the goal of this paper is to (i) call contributions from researchers to propose their models and evaluate them against the same benchmark; (ii) verify the agreement of the numerical solutions obtained by different contributors, and (iii) comment on further improvements and modifications to the existing models.

Mathematical Analysis of the Touching Inclusions Parameters at the Tundish Free Surface to Predict More Realistic Inclusion Removal Rates

“…On the other hand, the inclusions removal rates, that are going to be discussed in the following sections, will be validated using the published results in the theoretical range and those obtained by physical modeling …”

“…According to the open literature, Vakhrushev et al attribute the origin of this overestimation to the use of the RWM. Consequently, the natural solution to this problem is to avoid the use of RWM model.…”

“…In these previous studies, the efforts were focused on the understanding of inclusions behavior and its flotation, accomplishing important advances in the qualitative description of the removal. Nevertheless, it is clear that a fraction of these inclusions that touches the free surface are not removed and continues its trajectories, mainly the small ones . Wikstrom et al stresses that not all the inclusions reaching the steel–slag interface are removed from the melt, because they can remain at the interface or oscillate, increasing the risk that these inclusions follow the steel flow and get back to the bath.…”

Numerical Simulation of an Industrial‐Scale Prototypical Steel Melt Tundish Considering Flow Control and Cleaning Strategies

“…A multitude of literature concerning numerical simulations and validations as well as experiments for tundish flows is available . Reviews summarizing the physical and mathematical modeling of continuous casting systems show the importance of numerical simulation in this research field .…”

“…Reviews summarizing the physical and mathematical modeling of continuous casting systems show the importance of numerical simulation in this research field . Further publications study different aspects concerning tundish or flow‐controlling designs and inclusion behavior …”