A Wake-Up Call: Determination of Antibiotics Residue Level in Raw Meat in Abattoir and Selected Slaughterhouses in Five Local Government in Kano State, Nigeria

Abstract

The frequent use of antibiotics may result in drug residues that can be discovered at varying quantities in animal products such as milk or meat. The presence of pharmaceutical residues in food above the MRLs has been perceived globally by various persons. Antibiotics residues are present in food, which can endanger human health by causing antibiotic sensitivity, allergic reactions, microflora imbalance, bacterial resistance to antibiotics in microorganisms, and financial loss to the food industry. Farmers around the world utilize them on a sporadic basis for both preventative and curative purposes. This study assessed the antibiotics residues in raw meat sold in 6 slaughter houses in Kano States. The study is a descriptive cross-sectional study involving six (6) major slaughter house in Kano state. Muscle, Kidney and liver samples were collected from each slaughterhouse. The antibiotic residues in the meat samples were analysed using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) for tetracycline, ciprofloxacin and oxytetracycline residue results were presented in charts and tables. Out of a total of 18 beef samples analyzed during this study, 15 (83%) of the total samples had detectable levels of tetracycline residues from which 6(33.3%) had tetracycline residues at violative levels above the WHO/FAO maximum residue limits (MRLs), out of those 18 beef samples analyzed during this study, 6(33%) of the total samples had detectable levels of oxytetracycline residues from which 3(17%) had oxytetracycline residues at violative levels above the WHO/FAO maximum residue limits (MRLs) and out of those 18 beef samples analyzed during this study, 12(67%) of the total samples had detectable levels of ciprofloxacin, all levels are below the WHO/FAO maximum residue limits (MRLs). This high level of tetracycline and oxytetracycline residues in greater proportion of meat destined for human consumption at violative levels could be as a result of the indiscriminate use and misuse of veterinary drugs as commonly practiced among livestock producers and marketers without observing withdrawal period prior to slaughter. These results indicate that consumers may be predisposed to health hazards and hinder international meat trade from Nigeria. Regulatory authorities should therefore ensure compliance with good agricultural practices including withdrawal period of drugs used for treatment of food animals.

Assessment of Microbiological Quality of Ready to Eat Food Served in Ships Along Warri, Koko and Port Harcourt Water Ways, Nigeria

“…The world we lived in today is highly mobile, interdependent, and interconnected, giving tremendous opportunities for diseases to spread rapidly [12,13,14,15,20]. Besides, the public has been focusing on new health events caused by microbiological, toxic metals concentration and sudden environmental changes in the recent past [21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29]. Thus, this study revealed that the bacteria load was highest in salad and lowest microbial load in fried fish.…”

Comprehensive Understanding of Hydrogeochemical evaluation of seasonal variability in groundwater quality Dynamics in the Gold Mining Areas of Osun State, Nigeria

“…They are extremely carcinogenic and can result in skin, bladder, liver, and lung cancer. Arsenic exposure in humans occurs through the air, food, and water [7,[107][108][109][110]. One of the main contributors to arsenic toxicity in more than 30 nations throughout the world is drinking water [111].…”

Time for Action: Assessment of Knowledge on Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points of Food Handlers in Standard Hotels in Lagos State, Nigeria

“…Food has an important role in society through affecting people’s lifestyles, health, and habits, as well as being an important aspect of socializing [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]. Today, hotels must pay greater attention to food safety, environmental protection, justice, human rights, and everything else connected to the ethical content of economic operations in the producing world [2, 7, 8, 9].…”

“…Food poisoning, unlike certain other health disorders, affects every nation, regardless of income or development level [10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19]. Several studies have found that food-borne diseases impose a remarkable economic as well as quality-of-life burden on society through acute morbidity and chronic sequelae [2, 5, 6, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31]. Food-borne infections cover a wide range of ailments and are an increasing public and environmental health concern across the world.…”