A visual sensitivity model based stereo image watermarking scheme

Niu, Yaqing; Souidene, Wided; Beghdadi, Azeddine

doi:10.1109/euvip.2011.6045546

Cited by 13 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…It depends on extracting the depth map from the stereo pairs for watermark embedding. In [15], a visual model method for watermarking of High Definition (HD) stereo-images in DCT domain was presented. It is based on the visual sensitivity of the human eye to define the perceptual modifications in the watermark embedding process.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficient DWT-based SVD Watermarked 3D Video Transmission over MC-CDMA Wireless Channel

El-Bakary

El‐Shafai

El-Rabaie

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Three-Dimensional Video (3DV) communication through wireless channels suffers from bit-streams losses. Therefore, the efficient performance of 3DV transmission techniques over wireless networks is a considerable hot research topic. A high compression ratio must be introduced to meet future bandwidth restriction for optimized 3DV transmission. Unfortunately, the compressed 3DV bit-streams are more sensitive and vulnerable to packet losses. In this paper, we propose the application of chaotic Baker interleaving with equalization and convolution coding for efficient Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT)-based Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) watermarked 3DV transmission over a Multi-Carrier Code Division Multiple Accesses (MC-CDMA) wireless channel. Firstly, the compressed 3DV frames are watermarking using the DWT+SVD watermarking process. After that, chaotic interleaving is applied to minimize the channel effects on the transported bit-streams and it also adds an encryption to the transported 3DV frames. To test the performance of the proposed hybrid techniques; several experiments on different (DWT+SVD) watermarked 3DV frames have been tested. The experimental results confirm that the received watermarked 3DV frames still have high Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratios (PSNRs) and efficient watermark extraction is possible.

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Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficient DWT-based SVD Watermarked 3D Video Transmission over MC-CDMA Wireless Channel

El-Bakary

El‐Shafai

El-Rabaie

et al. 2021

Preprint

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“…After that, the SVD is used on the modified matrix (D matrix) as given by (5), then the frame (R w matrix) is obtained by using the modified matrix (S w matrix) as in (6). The inverse homomorphic transform is applied on the I and R w to get a matrix X w as in (7), and then the low-frequency subband of the watermarked frame (F LLw ) can be obtained by (8). The inverse DWT is implemented to get the 3DV watermarked frame F w .…”

Section: Rgb To Yuvmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…6 It depends on extracting the depth map from the stereo pairs for watermark embedding. In Niu et al, 7 a visual model method for watermarking of high definition stereo images in discrete cosine transform (DCT) domain was presented. It is based on the visual sensitivity of the human eye to define the perceptual modifications in the watermark embedding process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficient hybrid watermarking schemes for robust and secure 3D‐MVC communication

El‐Shafai

El-Rabaie

El-Halawany

et al. 2017

Int J Communication

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Digital watermarking is a promising and efficient methodology for protecting the copyright of the transmitted multimedia data. Three-dimensional videos (3DVs) are transmitted and stored in the form of compressed information.Thus, there is a great need for compressed 3DV watermarking. This paper presents 2 proposed hybrid watermarking schemes for securing the 3DV transmission. The first watermarking scheme is the homomorphic transform-based singular value decomposition in discrete wavelet transform domain. The second scheme is the 3-level discrete stationary wavelet transform in discrete cosine transform domain. The objective of the 2 proposed hybrid watermarking schemes is to increase the immunity of the watermarked 3DV to attacks and achieve adequate perceptual quality. The performances of the 2 proposed hybrid watermarking schemes are compared with those of the state-of-the-art watermarking schemes. The comparisons depend on both of the subjective visual results and the objective results; the peak signal-to-noise ratios of the watermarked frames and the normalized correlation of the extracted watermark frames. Extensive simulation results on standard 3DV sequences have been conducted in the presence of attacks. The obtained results confirm that the 2 suggested hybrid watermarking schemes are robust in the presence of attacks. They achieve not only very good perceptual quality with appreciated peak signal-to-noise ratio values but also high correlation coefficient values in the presence of attacks. beneficial to ensure copyright. A digital watermark can be embedded either in a compressed video or uncompressed video. 2 Video information are always transported and stored in the form of compressed data. The uncompressed video watermarking schemes can also be used for the compressed-video bit streams; however, they require complete video re-encoding and decoding for the watermark insertion or extraction. In different cases, the complete video stream decoding process is not recommended. So, the compressed video watermarking has recently acquired more attentiveness. Furthermore, the watermark insertion and extraction in compressed data has less computations, because the complete reencoding and decoding of the transmitted stream is not required for embedding and extracting the watermark bits.Recently, several video encoding standards have emerged. The objective of an encoding standard is to achieve high data compression, while maintaining an acceptable quality. The 3D multiview video coding (3D-MVC) is an efficient one of the recent encoding standards used in different applications. The 3D-MVC has received a broad attentiveness, and it is expected to rapidly take place of traditional 2D video coding in numerous applications. 3 In the 3D-MVC system, the original 3D video (3DV) consisting of multiple video streams is taken for the same object by various cameras. Thus, to transport the 3DV over limited resources networks, a highly efficient compression standard must be applied, whilst preserving a high reception quality. ...

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“…Yu et al [7] built relationships between the features of blocks at the same position on left and right images of a stereo pair, and then a parity quantization was designed for embedding watermark. To improve quality of watermarked images, Niu et al [8] achieved the optimal trade-off between the imperceptibility and robustness by taking binocular sensitivity into account. Some watermarking schemes were proposed for depth map based on rendering 3D image representations, Lin et al [9] presented a robust stereo watermarking method to embed watermark into the color image.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New fragile watermarking method for stereo image authentication with localization and recovery

Wang

Jiang

et al. 2015

AEU - International Journal of Electronics and Communications

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A visual sensitivity model based stereo image watermarking scheme

Cited by 13 publications

References 7 publications

Efficient DWT-based SVD Watermarked 3D Video Transmission over MC-CDMA Wireless Channel

Efficient DWT-based SVD Watermarked 3D Video Transmission over MC-CDMA Wireless Channel

Efficient hybrid watermarking schemes for robust and secure 3D‐MVC communication

New fragile watermarking method for stereo image authentication with localization and recovery

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