A Versatile Theranostic Nanoemulsion for Architecture‐Dependent Multimodal Imaging and Dually Augmented Photodynamic Therapy

Abstract

To design a clinically translatable nanomedicine for photodynamic theranostics, the ingredients should be carefully considered. A high content of nanocarriers may cause extra toxicity in metabolism, and multiple theranostic agents would complicate the preparation process. These issues would be of less concern if the nanocarrier itself has most of the theranostic functions. In this work, a poly(ethylene glycol)‐boron dipyrromethene amphiphile (PEG‐F54‐BODIPY) with 54 fluorine‐19 (19F) is synthesized and employed to emulsify perfluorohexane (PFH) into a theranostic nanoemulsion (PFH@PEG‐F54‐BODIPY). The as‐prepared PFH@PEG‐F54‐BODIPY can perform architecture‐dependent fluorescence/photoacoustic/19F magnetic resonance multimodal imaging, providing more information about the in vivo structure evolution of nanomedicine. Importantly, this nanoemulsion significantly enhances the therapeutic effect of BODIPY through both the high oxygen dissolving capability and less self‐quenching of BODIPY molecules. More interestingly, PFH@PEG‐F54‐BODIPY shows high level of tumor accumulation and long tumor retention time, allowing a repeated light irradiation after a single‐dose intravenous injection. The “all‐in‐one” photodynamic theranostic nanoemulsion has simple composition, remarkable theranostic efficacy, and novel treatment pattern, and thus presents an intriguing avenue to developing clinically translatable theranostic agents.

Six Birds with One Stone: Versatile Nanoporphyrin for Single‐Laser‐Triggered Synergistic Phototheranostics and Robust Immune Activation

“…[ 11 ] However, the encapsulation of multiple therapeutic and imaging agents suffers from early drug leakage, increased body burden, and complicated preparation process. [ 12 ] A single theranostic agent that simultaneously performs all these theranostic functions represents a promising solution toward imaging‐guided combination PDT/PTT.…”

“…[11] However, the encapsulation of multiple therapeutic and imaging agents suffers from early drug leakage, increased body burden, and complicated preparation process. [12] A single theranostic agent that simultaneously performs all these theranostic functions represents a promising solution toward imaging-guided combination PDT/PTT. Over the last decade, both inorganic materials and nearinfrared (NIR) dyes have been applied for simultaneous PDT and PTT, such as ICG, [13] IR780, [14] black phosphorus, [15] black titania, [16] and gold nanoclusters.…”

Recent advances in innovative strategies for enhanced cancer photodynamic therapy

“…Moreover, the half-life of 1 O 2 in PFCs was 5 × 10 -2 s, which is much longer than that in the cellular environment (6 × 10 -7 s) or water (5 × 10 -6 s), resulting in long-lasting PDT effect. Similarly, Zhang et al 158 synthesized a poly(ethylene glycol)-boron dipyrromethene amphiphile (PEG-F 54 -BODIPY) with 54 fluorine-19 ( 19 F), and employed it to emulsify perfluorohexane (PFH) into a nanoemulsion (PFH@PEG-F 54 -BODIPY). The as-prepared nanoemulsion significantly enhanced the therapeutic effect of BODIPY by dissolving O 2 and reducing the self-quenching of BODIPY molecules.…”

Recent development of nanomedicine for the treatment of bacterial biofilm infections

“…(D) Scheme of MPPI NSs for the targeted PPT of bacterial biofilms. (E) In vitro eradication of established S. aureus biofilms and (F) treatment of S. aureus induced subcutaneous abscess by MPPI NSs 53 . Copyright 2019, Frontiers…”